Key term
OCR GCSE Combined Science Physics J250
Electricity
Topic overviewCharge, and producing static electricityTransfer of electrons in charging and dischargingCurrent as a rate of flow of chargeCharge, current and timeSeries and parallel circuits, and circuit symbolsCurrent, potential difference and resistanceResistors whose resistance changes, and investigating themLinear and non-linear circuit elements from graphsNet resistance in series and parallelCircuits for measurement, and electrical power
Energy
Topic overviewConservation of energy, and energy storesEnergy changes on heating, and calculating themEnergy of a moving body, a spring and a raised objectDissipation, and energy transfer in domestic devicesPower ratings, efficiency, and increasing itReducing unwanted energy transfer, and the rate of cooling
Forces
Topic overviewMeasuring distance and time, and calculating speedConverting units, and ratesVectors and scalars in motionDistance-time and velocity-time graphsAverage speed, and the equations of uniform motionHow objects interact, and forces as vectorsNewton's first lawResolving forces, and free body diagramsResultant forces, and balanced forcesNewton's second law, and inertiaMomentum and its conservationWork done, and stored energyPower, and Newton's third lawCircular motion and changing velocityStretching, bending and compressing; elastic and plasticForce and extension, linear and non-linearThe spring constant, and work done in stretchingGravitational fields, weight and free fallCalculations with weight and gravitational field strength
Global Challenges
Topic overviewTypical speeds and everyday accelerationsReaction time, stopping distance and the dangers of large decelerationsStopping distance, acceleration and collision force calculationsEnergy resources, and trends in their useThe national grid, and step-up and step-down transformersWhy the national grid is efficient, and power in a transformerMains electricity: a.c., d.c. and the domestic supplyLive, neutral and earth wires, and electrical danger
Magnetism and Magnetic Fields
Matter
Topic overviewHow the atomic model changed, and the structure of the atomThe size of atoms, and defining densityDensity of the states of matter, and density calculationsConservation of mass in changes of stateHeating a system, and specific heat capacityCalculations with specific heat capacity and latent heatGas molecules, temperature and pressure
Radioactivity
Waves in Matter
Topic overviewAmplitude, wavelength, frequency and periodThe wave equationTransverse and longitudinal wavesModelling waves with ripples and soundElectromagnetic waves as transverse, and energy transferFrequency and wavelength across the spectrumWhat our eyes detect, and light as an electromagnetic waveUses of electromagnetic wavesHazards of ultraviolet, X-rays and gamma raysProducing and receiving radio wavesAbsorption, transmission, refraction and reflectionInvestigating reflection and refraction of light
Waves in Matter
Frequency and wavelength across the spectrum
- 3 things to know
- Paper 12 (Physics)
Overview
How frequency and wavelength are related for electromagnetic waves, calculations using their common speed, the order of the spectrum, and which colours lie at each end of visible light.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
Key term
Which has the longer wavelength, infrared or ultraviolet?
Key term
Why is it enough to know the frequency of an electromagnetic wave in order to work out its wavelength?
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
How are the frequency and wavelength of an electromagnetic wave related?
Model answer
They are inversely related, so as the frequency increases the wavelength decreases, because all these waves travel at the same speed.
- 2
Which has the higher frequency, a radio wave or an X-ray?
Model answer
The X-ray has the higher frequency.
- 3
Which has the longer wavelength, infrared or ultraviolet?
Model answer
Infrared has the longer wavelength.
- 4
An electromagnetic wave of wavelength 3 m travels at 3 × 10⁸ m/s. What is its frequency?
Model answer
Its frequency is 1 × 10⁸ Hz, because 3 × 10⁸ ÷ 3 = 1 × 10⁸.
- 5
A microwave has a frequency of 3 × 10⁹ Hz and travels at 3 × 10⁸ m/s. What is its wavelength?
Model answer
Its wavelength is 0.1 m, because 3 × 10⁸ ÷ 3 × 10⁹ = 0.1.
- 6
An infrared wave has a wavelength of 10 μm, which is 1 × 10⁻⁵ m. What is its frequency?
Model answer
Its frequency is 3 × 10¹³ Hz, because 3 × 10⁸ ÷ 1 × 10⁻⁵ = 3 × 10¹³.
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