Key term
AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology 8464
Bioenergetics
Cell Biology
Topic overviewEukaryotes and prokaryotesAnimal and plant cellsCell specialisation and differentiationMicroscopyChromosomes, mitosis and the cell cycleStem cells in embryos, adults and meristemsTherapeutic cloning, its risks, and cloning plantsDiffusion and the factors affecting its rateSurface area to volume ratio and exchange surfacesOsmosisActive transport
Ecology
Topic overviewLevels of organisation in an ecosystem, and what organisms needCompetition, interdependence and stable communitiesAbiotic factorsBiotic factorsAdaptationsProducers, food chains and sampling with quadrats and transectsPredators, prey and measuring population sizeHow materials are cycledWaste management and biodiversityLand use, deforestation and global warmingMaintaining biodiversity
Homeostasis and Response
Infection and Response
Inheritance, Variation and Evolution
Topic overviewSexual and asexual reproductionMeiosisDNA and the genomeGenetic terms, dominant and recessive allelesPunnett squares, probability and genetic crossesInherited disorders and sex determinationVariationEvolutionSelective breedingWhat genetic engineering is, and what it is used forGM crops, their risks, and the steps of the processEvidence for evolution, and extinctionFossilsResistant bacteriaClassification of living organisms
Organisation
Topic overviewLevels of organisation, and how enzymes workAmylase, proteases and lipasesBile, food tests and the effect of pH on amylaseThe heart, the lungs and double circulationThe pacemaker, the blood vessels and the bloodCoronary heart disease: a non-communicable diseaseHealth issuesRisk factors and causal mechanisms in diseaseSampling, correlation and interpreting risk dataCancerPlant tissues, and transpiration and its rateRoot hair cells, xylem, phloem and stomata
Ecology
Adaptations
- 3 things to know
- Biology Paper 2
Overview
Structural, behavioural and functional adaptations, extremophiles such as deep sea vent bacteria and their enzymes, and examples including whale blubber, camel urine, Arctic fox ears and cactus spines and stems.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
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Key term
Name the three types of adaptation.
Key term
What is a structural adaptation?
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
What is an adaptation?
Model answer
A feature that enables an organism to survive in the conditions in which it normally lives.
- 2
Name the three types of adaptation.
Model answer
Structural, behavioural and functional.
- 3
What is a structural adaptation?
Model answer
A feature of the shape or structure of an organism's body, such as thick fur or a long neck.
- 4
What is a behavioural adaptation?
Model answer
Something an organism does that helps it survive, such as migrating or hibernating.
- 5
What is a functional adaptation?
Model answer
A feature of the way an organism's body works, such as producing very concentrated urine or slowing its metabolism.
- 6
What is an extremophile?
Model answer
An organism adapted to live in a very extreme environment, such as one of high temperature, high pressure or high salt concentration.
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