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Particle Model of Matter

Changes of state and specific latent heat

  • 3 things to know
  • Physics Paper 1

Overview

Energy taken in during a change of state with no change in temperature, latent heat and specific latent heat, the equation E = mL with its units and calculations, specific latent heat of fusion and of vaporisation, reading a melting point from a heating graph, and how specific heat capacity and specific latent heat differ.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

Distinguish specific heat capacity from specific latent heat, and say which applies when ice warms by a few degrees Celsius and which when it melts.

Key term

Explain why a thermometer in a beaker of melting ice reads a steady 0 °C while ice is still present.

Key term

State, in words, the equation for the energy needed for a change of state.

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    During which process does a substance take in energy without its temperature changing?

    Model answer

    During a change of state.

  2. 2

    What name is given to the energy needed for a substance to change state?

    Model answer

    Latent heat.

  3. 3

    While a substance is changing state, what happens to the energy supplied to it?

    Model answer

    It increases the internal energy stored in the substance but does not change its temperature.

  4. 4

    Explain why a thermometer in a beaker of melting ice reads a steady 0 °C while ice is still present.

    Model answer

    The energy supplied is being used to change the state of the ice rather than to raise its temperature.

  5. 5

    Define the specific latent heat of a substance.

    Model answer

    It is the energy needed to change the state of one kilogram of the substance with no change in temperature.

  6. 6

    State, in words, the equation for the energy needed for a change of state.

    Model answer

    Energy for a change of state = mass × specific latent heat.

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