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Computer Networks

Network protocols

  • 3 things to know
  • Paper 2

Overview

What a protocol is, Ethernet and Wi-Fi, TCP, UDP and IP, HTTP and HTTPS, FTP, and how SMTP and IMAP share the job of sending and reading email.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

How do SMTP and IMAP each handle email?

Key term

Define the term network protocol.

Key term

Why are network protocols needed?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    Define the term network protocol.

    Model answer

    A network protocol is a set of rules that governs how devices communicate over a network. Protocols let devices from different manufacturers exchange data.

  2. 2

    Why are network protocols needed?

    Model answer

    Devices must agree on how data is formatted, sent and checked, or they cannot understand each other. Protocols make communication between different hardware and software possible.

  3. 3

    What is Ethernet?

    Model answer

    Ethernet is a family of related protocols for wired local area networks, not a single protocol. Ethernet governs how data is sent over the network cables.

  4. 4

    What is Wi-Fi?

    Model answer

    Wi-Fi is a family of related protocols for wireless local area networks. Wi-Fi is a trademark, and the generic term for these networks is WLAN.

  5. 5

    What does TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) do?

    Model answer

    TCP splits data into numbered packets so they can be put back in order when they arrive. TCP checks that every packet arrives and has lost ones sent again.

  6. 6

    What does UDP (User Datagram Protocol) do?

    Model answer

    UDP sends packets without setting up a connection or checking they arrive. UDP is faster than TCP but less reliable.

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