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The Sociological Approach

Sociological perspectives: consensus and conflict

  • 3 things to know
  • Papers 1 and 2

Overview

Functionalism, Marxism, feminism and interactionism, consensus and conflict, structural and action approaches, and how each perspective views families, education and the classroom.

What you need to know

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Key term

What is a consensus perspective in sociology?

Key term

What is a conflict perspective in sociology?

Key term

What is functionalism?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    What is a consensus perspective in sociology?

    Model answer

    A consensus perspective sees society as based on shared norms and values. The different parts of society work together to keep it stable.

  2. 2

    What is a conflict perspective in sociology?

    Model answer

    A conflict perspective sees society as divided between groups with unequal power. Powerful groups use institutions to serve their own interests.

  3. 3

    What is functionalism?

    Model answer

    Functionalism is a consensus perspective that sees each social institution as performing functions that keep society stable. Society is compared to a body whose organs work together.

  4. 4

    How would a functionalist view the family?

    Model answer

    A functionalist sees the family as meeting the needs of society and its members. The family socialises children and gives adults emotional support.

  5. 5

    What is a criticism of functionalism?

    Model answer

    Functionalism can present an idealised picture that ignores conflict and inequality. The perspective finds it hard to explain social change.

  6. 6

    What is Marxism?

    Model answer

    Marxism is a conflict perspective based on the ideas of Karl Marx. Society is seen as divided between a ruling class that owns the means of production and a working class that is exploited.

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The Sociological Approach
Families
Education
Crime and Deviance

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AONS figures show that divorces rose briefly after the Second World War.
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