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Socialisation, Culture and Identity

Key sociological concepts

  • 3 things to know
  • Component 1

Overview

Culture, norms and values, roles and role conflict, ascribed and achieved status, identity, positive and negative, formal and informal sanctions, and cultural diversity.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

What is status, and how does ascribed status differ from achieved status?

Key term

What do sociologists mean by culture?

Key term

What are norms?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    What do sociologists mean by culture?

    Model answer

    Culture is the whole way of life of a group or society, including its language, beliefs, customs and knowledge. Culture is learned and passed from one generation to the next.

  2. 2

    What are norms?

    Model answer

    Norms are unwritten rules that guide how people are expected to behave in particular situations. Queuing in a shop is a norm in the UK.

  3. 3

    How do norms differ from laws?

    Model answer

    Norms are informal expectations enforced by other people's approval or disapproval. Laws are formal rules made by Parliament and enforced by the police and courts.

  4. 4

    What are values?

    Model answer

    Values are broad beliefs about what is important and worth striving for in a society. Many people in the UK value individual freedom and fairness.

  5. 5

    How are norms linked to values?

    Model answer

    Norms usually put a society's values into practice in everyday behaviour. A value of respect for privacy is expressed in the norm of knocking before entering a room.

  6. 6

    What is a social role?

    Model answer

    A role is the set of expected behaviours attached to a position in society. A teacher is expected to prepare lessons and treat pupils fairly.

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Socialisation, Culture and Identity
Families
Education
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Polygyny means one husband married to several wives at once.
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