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Extracting Metals and Equilibria

Life cycle assessment

  • 3 things to know
  • Paper 1

Overview

What a life-cycle assessment is, its four stages and the impacts counted at each, comparing two bags by energy, why the results involve judgement and can be selectively reported, and ethical issues and the questions science cannot answer.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Process

What environmental impacts are considered at the raw materials, manufacturing and use stages of a life-cycle assessment?

Key term

Give two environmental impacts considered when obtaining the raw materials for a product.

Process

What environmental impacts are considered at the manufacturing stage of a life-cycle assessment?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    What is a life-cycle assessment?

    Model answer

    It is a study of the effect a product has on the environment at every stage of its existence.

  2. 2

    Name the four stages considered in a life-cycle assessment of a product.

    Model answer

    Obtaining the raw materials, manufacturing the product, using the product and disposing of it.

  3. 3

    Give two environmental impacts considered when obtaining the raw materials for a product.

    Model answer

    Damage to the landscape caused by mining or quarrying, and the energy used to extract and process the materials.

  4. 4

    What environmental impacts are considered at the manufacturing stage of a life-cycle assessment?

    Model answer

    The energy used, the waste produced and any pollutants released while the product is being made.

  5. 5

    What is considered at the use stage of a life-cycle assessment?

    Model answer

    How much energy and other resources the product needs while it is being used, and how long it lasts.

  6. 6

    What is considered at the disposal stage of a life-cycle assessment?

    Model answer

    Whether the product can be reused or recycled, and the pollution caused if it is sent to landfill or burned.

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Key Concepts in Chemistry
States of Matter and Mixtures
Chemical Changes
Extracting Metals and Equilibria

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A holds the acid.
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AChlorine is a pale green gas at room temperature.
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An atom is about 0.1 nm across.
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