Key term
Edexcel GCSE Combined Science Biology 1SC0
Key Concepts in Biology
Topic overviewEukaryotic and prokaryotic cellsSpecialised cells and their adaptationsMicroscopes and magnification calculationsSize, scale and units in cell biologyEnzyme action and denaturationFactors affecting enzyme activityEnzymes in synthesis and digestion, and rate calculationsDiffusion, osmosis and active transportOsmosis in potatoes and percentage change in mass
Cells and Control
Genetics
Topic overviewMeiosis and the formation of gametesDNA structure, genes and the genomeExtracting DNA from fruitAlleles, genotype and phenotypeMonohybrid crosses and sex determinationProbability and ratios from genetic crossesCauses of variation: genes and environmentThe Human Genome ProjectGenetic variation and the effects of mutation
Natural Selection and Genetic Modification
Health, Disease and the Development of Medicines
Topic overviewHealth, disease and susceptibilityPathogens and common infectionsHow pathogens spread, and the virus life cycleSexually transmitted infectionsPhysical barriers and chemical defencesThe immune system, immunisation and herd immunityAntibiotics and developing new medicinesLifestyle factors and non-communicable diseaseTreatments for cardiovascular disease
Plant Structures and Their Functions
Animal Coordination, Control and Homeostasis
Exchange and Transport in Animals
Topic overviewWhy multicellular organisms need exchange surfacesAlveoli and gas exchangeThe blood and its componentsArteries, veins and capillariesThe heart and the circulatory systemCellular respiration as an exothermic reactionAerobic and anaerobic respiration comparedInvestigating the rate of respirationCardiac output, stroke volume and heart rate
Ecosystems and Material Cycles
Ecosystems and Material Cycles
Abiotic and biotic factors in a community
- 3 things to know
- Paper 2
Overview
Abiotic and biotic factors, how temperature, light, drought and pollution shape a community, what plants and animals compete for, and the cycle of predator and prey numbers.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
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Key term
What is a biotic factor?
Key term
Explain how a fall in temperature can reduce the size of an insect population.
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
What is an abiotic factor?
Model answer
An abiotic factor is a non-living condition of the environment that affects the organisms living there.
- 2
What is a biotic factor?
Model answer
A biotic factor is an effect on an organism caused by other living organisms.
- 3
Explain how a fall in temperature can reduce the size of an insect population.
Model answer
Cooler conditions slow the enzyme-controlled reactions inside the insects, so they grow and breed more slowly and fewer survive.
- 4
Explain why few plants grow on the floor of a dense woodland.
Model answer
The tree canopy absorbs most of the light, so plants below cannot photosynthesise fast enough to grow well.
- 5
Explain how a long drought changes the plant community of a grassland.
Model answer
Without enough water plants cannot photosynthesise or stay turgid, so only drought-tolerant species survive and the others die out.
- 6
Explain how pollutants released into a river can change the community living in it.
Model answer
Pollutants kill or weaken the sensitive species, so only tolerant species remain and the variety of life falls.
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