Key term
Edexcel GCSE Combined Science Biology 1SC0
Key Concepts in Biology
Topic overviewEukaryotic and prokaryotic cellsSpecialised cells and their adaptationsMicroscopes and magnification calculationsSize, scale and units in cell biologyEnzyme action and denaturationFactors affecting enzyme activityEnzymes in synthesis and digestion, and rate calculationsDiffusion, osmosis and active transportOsmosis in potatoes and percentage change in mass
Cells and Control
Genetics
Topic overviewMeiosis and the formation of gametesDNA structure, genes and the genomeExtracting DNA from fruitAlleles, genotype and phenotypeMonohybrid crosses and sex determinationProbability and ratios from genetic crossesCauses of variation: genes and environmentThe Human Genome ProjectGenetic variation and the effects of mutation
Natural Selection and Genetic Modification
Health, Disease and the Development of Medicines
Topic overviewHealth, disease and susceptibilityPathogens and common infectionsHow pathogens spread, and the virus life cycleSexually transmitted infectionsPhysical barriers and chemical defencesThe immune system, immunisation and herd immunityAntibiotics and developing new medicinesLifestyle factors and non-communicable diseaseTreatments for cardiovascular disease
Plant Structures and Their Functions
Animal Coordination, Control and Homeostasis
Exchange and Transport in Animals
Topic overviewWhy multicellular organisms need exchange surfacesAlveoli and gas exchangeThe blood and its componentsArteries, veins and capillariesThe heart and the circulatory systemCellular respiration as an exothermic reactionAerobic and anaerobic respiration comparedInvestigating the rate of respirationCardiac output, stroke volume and heart rate
Ecosystems and Material Cycles
Genetics
Genetic variation and the effects of mutation
- 3 things to know
- Paper 1
Overview
Extensive genetic variation within a population, mutations as random changes in base sequence and the source of new variation, why most mutations have no effect on the phenotype, the rare ones that stop a protein working, and mutations that give an advantage.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
Key term
What is a mutation?
Key term
What effect do most mutations have on the phenotype?
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
How much genetic variation is usually present within a population of one species?
Model answer
There is usually extensive genetic variation within the population.
- 2
What is the ultimate source of new genetic variation in a population?
Model answer
Mutations are the source of new variation.
- 3
What is a mutation?
Model answer
A mutation is a change in the sequence of bases in DNA.
- 4
How often do mutations occur in a population?
Model answer
They occur continuously and at random in individuals throughout the population.
- 5
Explain why extensive genetic variation is important for the survival of a species.
Model answer
It makes it more likely that some individuals can survive a change in conditions and breed.
- 6
What effect do most mutations have on the phenotype?
Model answer
Most mutations have no effect on the phenotype at all.
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