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Scarcity and Choice

Specialisation, division of labour and exchange: Advantages and disadvantages of specialisation

  • 3 things to know
  • AS Units 1 and 2

Overview

Recall questions on The advantages and disadvantages of specialisation.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Evaluation

What are the advantages of specialisation?

Key term

Define specialisation in economics.

Process

How does specialisation save time in the production process?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    Define specialisation in economics.

    Model answer

    Specialisation is the concentration of production on a limited range of goods or services by an individual, firm, or country.

  2. 2

    What is meant by division of labour?

    Model answer

    Division of labour is the breaking down of a production process into separate tasks, with each worker or group of workers specialising in one task.

  3. 3

    Define productivity and state two common ways it is measured.

    Model answer

    Productivity is the output per unit of input. It is commonly measured as output per worker or output per hour worked.

  4. 4

    Explain how repetition and skill development under specialisation lead to increased productivity.

    Model answer

    Workers who repeatedly perform the same task become more proficient and skilled at it through practice, enabling them to produce more output in less time.

  5. 5

    How does specialisation save time in the production process?

    Model answer

    Workers do not need to switch between different tasks or change tools and equipment, eliminating the time lost during transitions.

  6. 6

    Why does specialisation enable the use of specialist equipment?

    Model answer

    When workers focus on specific tasks, it becomes worthwhile to invest in machinery and capital equipment designed specifically for those tasks, increasing efficiency.

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