Numbers
AQA AS Business, memorised in year one.
Everything the AS examines and nothing from the second year. Drill the 6 topics the 7131 specification actually examines.
- AS of 7132
- 6 topics
- 79 subtopics
AQA AS-Level Business 7132
What Is Business?
Topic overviewWhy businesses exist and their objectivesRevenue, costs and profitCalculating and presenting business dataBusiness forms, sectors and liabilityShare capital, market capitalisation and dividendsWhat moves a share price, and how ownership shapes objectivesCompetition, market conditions and incomesInterest rates, demographics and environmental issues
Managers, Leadership and Decision Making
Topic overviewManagement, leadership and the four leadership stylesThe Tannenbaum Schmidt continuumChoosing a leadership style and its limitationsScientific and intuitive decision making, and expected valueReading a decision treeRisk, uncertainty and opportunity costWhat influences a management decisionStakeholders and stakeholder mappingStakeholder needs and managing the relationship
Marketing Management
Topic overviewWhy businesses set marketing objectivesBrand loyalty and calculating the marketing measuresPrimary and secondary market researchSampling methodsCorrelation, confidence intervals and extrapolationPrice and income elasticity of demandCalculating market share, market growth and sales growthSegmentation and the bases for itNiche and mass marketing, targeting and market mappingThe elements of the marketing mixProduct portfolio analysis and the Boston MatrixThe product life cycle and extension strategiesPricing, branding, place and the influences on the mix
Operational Management
Topic overviewOperational objectives: cost and qualitySpeed, flexibility and environmental objectivesAdded value and the trade-offs between objectivesLabour productivity and unit costsCapacity and capacity utilisationImproving capacity utilisationRaising labour productivity, and the obstaclesLean production and Just in TimeLabour-intensive and capital-intensive productionTechnology in operationsQuality control and quality assuranceThe benefits and costs of improving qualityMatching supply to demandThe inventory control chartInfluences on inventory and choosing a supplierSupply chain managementOutsourcing: benefits and drawbacks
Financial Management
Topic overviewFinancial objectives and return on investmentGross profit, operating profit and profit for the yearBudgets and variance analysisCash flow forecastsBreak-even, contribution and the margin of safetyBreak-even charts and how they shiftThe uses and limits of break-even analysisProfit margins, payables and receivablesInternal sources of financeShort-term external financeShare capital, loans, venture capital and crowd fundingChoosing a source of financeMethods of improving cash flowMethods of improving profitsThe difficulties and trade-offs in improving cash flow and profit
Human Resource Management
Topic overviewHuman resource objectives and their valueHard and soft human resource managementCalculating labour turnover and labour productivityEmployee costs as a percentage of turnover, and labour cost per unitUsing and interpreting human resource dataTypes of organisational structureSpan of control, hierarchy and delegationHuman resource flowThe value of a motivated workforce, and TaylorMaslow's hierarchy of needsHerzberg's two-factor theoryFinancial methods of motivationNon-financial methods of motivationChoosing and assessing methods of motivationEmployee involvement and the influences on itTrade unions, works councils and communication channelsThe value of good employer-employee relations
What AQA AS Business covers, and what it leaves out
AQA AS Business is specification 7131, the standalone first-year qualification alongside the 7132 A level. This page holds only what the AS examines: 6 topics across 79 subtopics, 1,059 active recall questions, starting with What Is Business?, Managers, Leadership and Decision Making and Marketing Management. The 5 topics kept back for the second year are not shown, so nothing here is content you have not been taught yet.
Starting the second year? The full AQA A-Level Business page adds the A2 topics on top of everything here.
AQA AS and A-level Business, specification 7132. Read the AQA specification at a glance ↗
The full specification
6 topics, 79 subtopics. Open any topic to see what is inside it.
01What Is Business?8 subtopicsOpen topic
- Why businesses exist and their objectives
- Revenue, costs and profit
- Calculating and presenting business data
- Business forms, sectors and liability
- Share capital, market capitalisation and dividends
- What moves a share price, and how ownership shapes objectives
- Competition, market conditions and incomes
- Interest rates, demographics and environmental issues
02Managers, Leadership and Decision Making9 subtopicsOpen topic
- Management, leadership and the four leadership styles
- The Tannenbaum Schmidt continuum
- Choosing a leadership style and its limitations
- Scientific and intuitive decision making, and expected value
- Reading a decision tree
- Risk, uncertainty and opportunity cost
- What influences a management decision
- Stakeholders and stakeholder mapping
- Stakeholder needs and managing the relationship
03Marketing Management13 subtopicsOpen topic
- Why businesses set marketing objectives
- Brand loyalty and calculating the marketing measures
- Primary and secondary market research
- Sampling methods
- Correlation, confidence intervals and extrapolation
- Price and income elasticity of demand
- Calculating market share, market growth and sales growth
- Segmentation and the bases for it
- Niche and mass marketing, targeting and market mapping
- The elements of the marketing mix
- Product portfolio analysis and the Boston Matrix
- The product life cycle and extension strategies
- Pricing, branding, place and the influences on the mix
04Operational Management17 subtopicsOpen topic
- Operational objectives: cost and quality
- Speed, flexibility and environmental objectives
- Added value and the trade-offs between objectives
- Labour productivity and unit costs
- Capacity and capacity utilisation
- Improving capacity utilisation
- Raising labour productivity, and the obstacles
- Lean production and Just in Time
- Labour-intensive and capital-intensive production
- Technology in operations
- Quality control and quality assurance
- The benefits and costs of improving quality
- Matching supply to demand
- The inventory control chart
- Influences on inventory and choosing a supplier
- Supply chain management
- Outsourcing: benefits and drawbacks
05Financial Management15 subtopicsOpen topic
- Financial objectives and return on investment
- Gross profit, operating profit and profit for the year
- Budgets and variance analysis
- Cash flow forecasts
- Break-even, contribution and the margin of safety
- Break-even charts and how they shift
- The uses and limits of break-even analysis
- Profit margins, payables and receivables
- Internal sources of finance
- Short-term external finance
- Share capital, loans, venture capital and crowd funding
- Choosing a source of finance
- Methods of improving cash flow
- Methods of improving profits
- The difficulties and trade-offs in improving cash flow and profit
06Human Resource Management17 subtopicsOpen topic
- Human resource objectives and their value
- Hard and soft human resource management
- Calculating labour turnover and labour productivity
- Employee costs as a percentage of turnover, and labour cost per unit
- Using and interpreting human resource data
- Types of organisational structure
- Span of control, hierarchy and delegation
- Human resource flow
- The value of a motivated workforce, and Taylor
- Maslow's hierarchy of needs
- Herzberg's two-factor theory
- Financial methods of motivation
- Non-financial methods of motivation
- Choosing and assessing methods of motivation
- Employee involvement and the influences on it
- Trade unions, works councils and communication channels
- The value of good employer-employee relations
How you work through it
Pick the mode that fits the time you have.
Try three questions
No account needed. Answer from memory first.
Your recallNot started
Numbers
How are total costs calculated, and what are variable costs?
Numbers
How is profit calculated, and what must be subtracted to find it?
Spaced Repetition Schedule
How reviews are timed
Levo will automatically distribute all of your progress into a spaced repetition calendar. Once you’ve answered, it’s scheduled for you on the next day in the spaced repetition schedule. Over time, the gaps between your recall get bigger, from a day to three years, reinforcing memorisation over a long period of time.
Interval sequence
- 1 day
- 3 days
- 7 days
- 14 days
- 30 days
- 60 days
- 4 months
- 8 months
- 1 year
- 2 years
- 3 years
What is inside Levo
Six ways to work the same material
Business revision questions
Common questions about revising AQA AS-Level Business. Tap any to open it.
What is on AQA AS Business?
6 topics across 79 subtopics, examined as its own qualification, specification 7131. They are all listed on this page, and each one opens to the subtopics inside it. The full topic list is What Is Business?, Managers, Leadership and Decision Making, Marketing Management, Operational Management, Financial Management, Human Resource Management.
Does AS Business count towards the full A level?
No. AS was decoupled in England in 2015, so AQA AS Business (7131) is a separate qualification and none of its marks carry into the 7132 A level. It is still the same content though, which is why revising it well sets up the second year.
What is the difference between AS and A level Business?
AS is the first-year units only. The A level adds 5 further topics, among them Analysing the Strategic Position of a Business, Choosing Strategic Direction, Strategic Methods: How to Pursue Strategies, and expects you to connect them back to the AS material. Work the AS content here, then move up to the full A level page when you start the second year.
When do you sit AQA AS Business?
Normally at the end of Year 12, in the summer series. That gives you one year to memorise 1,059 questions' worth of material, which is roughly 6 questions a day across an academic year if you start in September.
How should you revise for AS Business?
By retrieval, not rereading. Cover the answer, pull it from memory, then check. Levo runs that loop across all 6 AS topics and brings each question back on a spaced schedule, so what you learn in September is still there in June.
Is it worth revising AS content again for the A level?
Yes, and it is the mistake most students make. The A-level papers examine this content again from scratch, and because the AS marks do not carry over, the only thing your first year leaves you with is what you still remember. Keeping it on a spaced schedule through Year 13 costs far less than relearning it.
How many questions are there for AQA AS Business?
1,059, written from the 7132 subject content and grouped into 79 subtopics so you can work one small area at a time rather than a whole topic at once.
Can you use Levo for just the AS year?
Yes. Pick your subject, choose the AS topics on the topic screen, and every mode — the 3-step method, Cram, Blank Blitz, Build It and Test It — works only that material. Add the second-year topics when you get to them.
Every question in Business, on a schedule.
Attempt a question from memory, write the correct version, then attempt it again. Levo records the jump between your first attempt and your last, and brings each question back on the day you are due to forget it.
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