Key term
AQA GCSE Chemistry 8462
Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table
Topic overviewAtoms, elements and compoundsWord equations, symbols and balanced equationsMixturesFrom the plum pudding model to the nuclear modelBohr, Chadwick and the modern model of the atomRelative electrical charges of subatomic particlesSize and mass of atomsRelative atomic mass and electronic structureThe periodic tableDevelopment of the periodic tableMetals and non-metalsGroup 0Group 1Group 7Transition metals, and how they differ from Group 1
Bonding, Structure, and the Properties of Matter
Topic overviewChemical bonds, including metallic bondingIonic bondingIonic compoundsCovalent bonding and how it is representedThe three states of matter and changes of statePredicting state, state symbols, and the limits of the particle modelProperties of ionic compoundsProperties of small moleculesPolymers and giant covalent structuresProperties of metals and alloys, and why metals conductDiamond and graphiteGraphene and fullerenesSizes of particles and their propertiesUses of nanoparticles
Chemical Analysis
Chemical Changes
Topic overviewThe reactivity seriesMetal oxides, extraction, and redox in terms of electronsAcids reacting with metals, neutralisation and saltsSoluble saltsThe pH scale and neutralisationTitrationsThe process of electrolysis, and molten ionic compoundsUsing electrolysis to extract metalsElectrolysis of aqueous solutions
Chemistry of the Atmosphere
Topic overviewThe Earth's early atmosphereHow oxygen increased and carbon dioxide decreasedThe gases in today's atmosphere, and which are greenhouse gasesHuman activities which contribute to an increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphereGlobal climate change and carbon footprintsAtmospheric pollutants from fuels, and their effects
Energy Changes
Organic Chemistry
Topic overviewCrude oil, hydrocarbons and alkanesFractional distillation and petrochemicalsProperties of hydrocarbonsCracking, and testing alkenes with bromine waterWhy cracking is useful, and equations for itStructure and formulae of alkenesReactions of alkenesAlcoholsCarboxylic acidsAddition polymerisationAmino acids, DNA and naturally occurring polymers
Quantitative Chemistry
The Rate and Extent of Chemical Change
Using Resources
Topic overviewUsing the Earth's resources and sustainable developmentProducing potable water in the UKDesalination, and analysing water samplesWaste water treatmentLife cycle assessmentWays of reducing the use of resourcesCorrosion and its preventionAlloys as useful materialsGlass, clay ceramics and polymersComposites, and comparing materialsThe Haber processProduction and uses of NPK fertilisers
Chemical Changes
Soluble salts
- 3 things to know
- Paper 1
Overview
Making a soluble salt by adding an insoluble metal, oxide, hydroxide or carbonate to an acid in excess, filtering off the unreacted solid, crystallising and drying the salt, the copper sulfate preparation, choosing gentle heating, safety precautions, and why crystals can lose mass.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
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Key term
How is the unreacted solid separated from the salt solution?
Key term
When a soluble salt is made by adding an excess of insoluble solid to an acid and filtering, what is collected in the beaker below the funnel?
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
Name four kinds of insoluble solid that can be added to an acid to make a soluble salt.
Model answer
A metal, a metal oxide, a metal hydroxide or a metal carbonate.
- 2
Why is the solid added to the acid until no more of it reacts?
Model answer
So that all of the acid is used up and none is left in the solution.
- 3
How is the unreacted solid separated from the salt solution?
Model answer
The mixture is filtered, and the excess solid stays behind in the filter funnel.
- 4
What is collected in the beaker below the funnel during this preparation?
Model answer
The solution of the salt.
- 5
How can you tell that a metal carbonate has stopped reacting with the acid?
Model answer
The fizzing stops and solid carbonate stays undissolved at the bottom.
- 6
How is a solid salt obtained from a solution of that salt?
Model answer
The solution is crystallised.
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