State the four stages considered in a life cycle assessment.

Extracting and processing the raw materials, manufacturing and packaging, use and operation during its lifetime, and disposal at the end of its useful life.

A worn-out plastic bag is sent to landfill. Which stage of its life cycle assessment does this belong to?

Disposal at the end of its useful life.

Crude oil is drilled and refined to make the polymer for a bag. Which stage of the bag's life cycle assessment is this?

Extracting and processing the raw materials.

AQA GCSE Chemistry 8462

Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table

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Using Resources

Life cycle assessment

3 things to know
Paper 2

Overview

What a life cycle assessment is and its four stages from raw materials to disposal, what can be quantified and why value judgements make it subjective, selective assessments in advertising, and paper against plastic bags.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Your recallNot started

Key term

What is a life cycle assessment?

Process

Explain why a product's impact is assessed stage by stage rather than as one figure.

Process

At which stage of a life cycle assessment is transport and distribution counted?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
What is a life cycle assessment?
Model answer
An assessment of the environmental impact of a product at every stage of its life.
2
Explain why a product's impact is assessed stage by stage rather than as one figure.
Model answer
Different stages use different resources and cause different impacts, so separating them shows where the impact actually arises.
3
State the four stages considered in a life cycle assessment.
Model answer
Extracting and processing the raw materials, manufacturing and packaging, use and operation during its lifetime, and disposal at the end of its useful life.
4
At which stage of a life cycle assessment is transport and distribution counted?
Model answer
Transport and distribution are counted at every stage.
5
A worn-out plastic bag is sent to landfill. Which stage of its life cycle assessment does this belong to?
Model answer
Disposal at the end of its useful life.
6
Crude oil is drilled and refined to make the polymer for a bag. Which stage of the bag's life cycle assessment is this?
Model answer
Extracting and processing the raw materials.

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