Key term
AQA GCSE Chemistry 8462
Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table
Topic overviewAtoms, elements and compoundsWord equations, symbols and balanced equationsMixturesFrom the plum pudding model to the nuclear modelBohr, Chadwick and the modern model of the atomRelative electrical charges of subatomic particlesSize and mass of atomsRelative atomic mass and electronic structureThe periodic tableDevelopment of the periodic tableMetals and non-metalsGroup 0Group 1Group 7Transition metals, and how they differ from Group 1
Bonding, Structure, and the Properties of Matter
Topic overviewChemical bonds, including metallic bondingIonic bondingIonic compoundsCovalent bonding and how it is representedThe three states of matter and changes of statePredicting state, state symbols, and the limits of the particle modelProperties of ionic compoundsProperties of small moleculesPolymers and giant covalent structuresProperties of metals and alloys, and why metals conductDiamond and graphiteGraphene and fullerenesSizes of particles and their propertiesUses of nanoparticles
Chemical Analysis
Chemical Changes
Topic overviewThe reactivity seriesMetal oxides, extraction, and redox in terms of electronsAcids reacting with metals, neutralisation and saltsSoluble saltsThe pH scale and neutralisationTitrationsThe process of electrolysis, and molten ionic compoundsUsing electrolysis to extract metalsElectrolysis of aqueous solutions
Chemistry of the Atmosphere
Topic overviewThe Earth's early atmosphereHow oxygen increased and carbon dioxide decreasedThe gases in today's atmosphere, and which are greenhouse gasesHuman activities which contribute to an increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphereGlobal climate change and carbon footprintsAtmospheric pollutants from fuels, and their effects
Energy Changes
Organic Chemistry
Topic overviewCrude oil, hydrocarbons and alkanesFractional distillation and petrochemicalsProperties of hydrocarbonsCracking, and testing alkenes with bromine waterWhy cracking is useful, and equations for itStructure and formulae of alkenesReactions of alkenesAlcoholsCarboxylic acidsAddition polymerisationAmino acids, DNA and naturally occurring polymers
Quantitative Chemistry
The Rate and Extent of Chemical Change
Using Resources
Topic overviewUsing the Earth's resources and sustainable developmentProducing potable water in the UKDesalination, and analysing water samplesWaste water treatmentLife cycle assessmentWays of reducing the use of resourcesCorrosion and its preventionAlloys as useful materialsGlass, clay ceramics and polymersComposites, and comparing materialsThe Haber processProduction and uses of NPK fertilisers
Using Resources
Glass, clay ceramics and polymers
- 3 things to know
- Paper 2
Overview
How soda-lime and borosilicate glass are made and why borosilicate suits laboratory beakers, making clay ceramics such as pottery and bricks, how monomers and conditions decide polymer properties, low and high density poly(ethene), and thermosoftening and thermosetting polymers, their uses and recycling.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
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Key term
What is borosilicate glass made from?
Key term
Name two clay ceramics.
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
Which type of glass is most commonly used, and how is it made?
Model answer
Soda-lime glass, made by heating a mixture of sand, sodium carbonate and limestone.
- 2
What is borosilicate glass made from?
Model answer
Sand and boron trioxide.
- 3
State one way borosilicate glass differs from soda-lime glass.
Model answer
It melts at a higher temperature.
- 4
Suggest why laboratory beakers are made from borosilicate glass.
Model answer
It melts at a higher temperature, so it withstands strong heating without softening.
- 5
Name two clay ceramics.
Model answer
Pottery and bricks.
- 6
How is a clay ceramic made?
Model answer
Wet clay is shaped and then heated in a furnace.
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