Key term
AQA GCSE Chemistry 8462
Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table
Topic overviewAtoms, elements and compoundsWord equations, symbols and balanced equationsMixturesFrom the plum pudding model to the nuclear modelBohr, Chadwick and the modern model of the atomRelative electrical charges of subatomic particlesSize and mass of atomsRelative atomic mass and electronic structureThe periodic tableDevelopment of the periodic tableMetals and non-metalsGroup 0Group 1Group 7Transition metals, and how they differ from Group 1
Bonding, Structure, and the Properties of Matter
Topic overviewChemical bonds, including metallic bondingIonic bondingIonic compoundsCovalent bonding and how it is representedThe three states of matter and changes of statePredicting state, state symbols, and the limits of the particle modelProperties of ionic compoundsProperties of small moleculesPolymers and giant covalent structuresProperties of metals and alloys, and why metals conductDiamond and graphiteGraphene and fullerenesSizes of particles and their propertiesUses of nanoparticles
Chemical Analysis
Chemical Changes
Topic overviewThe reactivity seriesMetal oxides, extraction, and redox in terms of electronsAcids reacting with metals, neutralisation and saltsSoluble saltsThe pH scale and neutralisationTitrationsThe process of electrolysis, and molten ionic compoundsUsing electrolysis to extract metalsElectrolysis of aqueous solutions
Chemistry of the Atmosphere
Topic overviewThe Earth's early atmosphereHow oxygen increased and carbon dioxide decreasedThe gases in today's atmosphere, and which are greenhouse gasesHuman activities which contribute to an increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphereGlobal climate change and carbon footprintsAtmospheric pollutants from fuels, and their effects
Energy Changes
Organic Chemistry
Topic overviewCrude oil, hydrocarbons and alkanesFractional distillation and petrochemicalsProperties of hydrocarbonsCracking, and testing alkenes with bromine waterWhy cracking is useful, and equations for itStructure and formulae of alkenesReactions of alkenesAlcoholsCarboxylic acidsAddition polymerisationAmino acids, DNA and naturally occurring polymers
Quantitative Chemistry
The Rate and Extent of Chemical Change
Using Resources
Topic overviewUsing the Earth's resources and sustainable developmentProducing potable water in the UKDesalination, and analysing water samplesWaste water treatmentLife cycle assessmentWays of reducing the use of resourcesCorrosion and its preventionAlloys as useful materialsGlass, clay ceramics and polymersComposites, and comparing materialsThe Haber processProduction and uses of NPK fertilisers
Energy Changes
Fuel cells
- 3 things to know
- Paper 1
Overview
Fuel cells supplied with hydrogen and oxygen, electrochemical oxidation of the fuel, water as the only product and the word equation for the overall reaction, and hydrogen fuel cells compared with rechargeable batteries for refuelling time, pollution, hazards, journey length and mass.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
Key term
What must be supplied to a fuel cell from outside for it to keep working?
Key term
Describe the overall reaction that takes place in a hydrogen fuel cell.
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
What must be supplied to a fuel cell from outside for it to keep working?
Model answer
A fuel such as hydrogen, together with oxygen or air.
- 2
Describe what happens to the fuel inside a fuel cell.
Model answer
It is oxidised electrochemically, and this produces a potential difference across the cell.
- 3
Why does a fuel cell not go flat in the way a non-rechargeable battery does?
Model answer
Its fuel and oxygen are supplied continuously from outside, so it keeps working for as long as that supply lasts.
- 4
What is the only product of the overall reaction in a hydrogen fuel cell?
Model answer
Water.
- 5
Describe the overall reaction that takes place in a hydrogen fuel cell.
Model answer
Hydrogen is oxidised by oxygen to produce water.
- 6
Write a word equation for the overall reaction in a hydrogen fuel cell.
Model answer
Hydrogen + oxygen → water.
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