Key term
Edexcel GCSE Combined Science Chemistry 1SC0
Key Concepts in Chemistry
Topic overviewFormulae, word equations and balanced equationsHazard symbols and assessing riskThe changing model of the atomProtons, neutrons and electronsThe nucleus, mass number and atomic massElements and isotopesCalculating particle numbers and relative atomic massMendeleev's periodic tableHow the modern periodic table is arrangedElectronic configuration and the periodic tableHow ionic bonds formIons in ionic compoundsFormulae of ionic compoundsNaming compounds and the ionic latticeCovalent bonds and moleculesDot and cross diagrams for simple moleculesClassifying substances and the properties of ionic compoundsProperties of simple molecular substances, and forms of carbonGraphite and diamondFullerenes and graphenePolymers and models of bondingThe properties of metalsRelative formula mass and percentage compositionEmpirical and molecular formulaeConservation of mass in closed and open systemsReacting masses from balanced equationsConcentration in grams per cubic decimetre
States of Matter and Mixtures
Topic overviewThe three states of matter and changes of stateEnergy changes during changes of state, and predicting statePure substances and melting point dataChoosing a separation techniqueSeparating a mixture in practicePaper chromatography and interpreting a chromatogramInvestigating inks by distillation and chromatographyMaking water potable
Chemical Changes
Topic overviewAcids, alkalis and the pH scaleIndicators: litmus, methyl orange and phenolphthaleinInvestigating pH change when neutralising an acidBases and alkalisReactions of acids, and testing for hydrogen and carbon dioxideNeutralisation and its ionic equationPreparing soluble salts from insoluble and soluble reactantsPreparing pure, dry copper sulfate crystalsCarrying out an acid-alkali titrationSolubility rulesPredicting precipitates and preparing an insoluble saltElectrolytes and what electrolysis isMovement of ions and predicting the products of molten electrolysisElectrolysis with inert electrodesElectrolysis of copper sulfate solutionInvestigating the electrolysis of copper sulfate
Extracting Metals and Equilibria
Groups in the Periodic Table
Topic overviewThe groups of the periodic table, and the alkali metalsReactions of the alkali metals with waterThe pattern in alkali metal reactivity and why it happensPhysical properties of the halogensThe test for chlorine, and halogens reacting with metalsHydrogen halides, and explaining halogen reactivityDisplacement reactions of the halogensGroup 0: the noble gases
Rates of Reaction and Energy Changes
Fuels and Earth Science
Topic overviewHydrocarbons and crude oilFractional distillation and the fractionsProperties of the fractions and homologous seriesComplete and incomplete combustionCarbon monoxide and sootPollutants and acid rainHydrogen and fossil fuels comparedCracking and why it is necessaryThe Earth's early atmosphereHow the oceans formed and how oxygen appearedThe test for oxygen and the greenhouse gasesToday's atmosphere and evidence for climate change
Rates of Reaction and Energy Changes
Investigating the rate of a reaction
- 3 things to know
- Paper 4
Overview
Following marble chips and acid by gas volume or loss of mass, the variables and errors, and timing the disappearing cross when sodium thiosulfate reacts with hydrochloric acid.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
Key term
Which two substances are reacted together in the investigation that follows a reaction rate by collecting a gas?
Key term
State two pieces of apparatus that can be used to measure the volume of gas released from acid and marble chips.
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
Which two substances are reacted together in the investigation that follows a reaction rate by collecting a gas?
Model answer
Dilute hydrochloric acid is reacted with marble chips, which are calcium carbonate.
- 2
Name the gas given off when hydrochloric acid reacts with marble chips.
Model answer
Carbon dioxide.
- 3
State two pieces of apparatus that can be used to measure the volume of gas released from acid and marble chips.
Model answer
A gas syringe, or an inverted measuring cylinder filled with water over a trough.
- 4
Apart from collecting the gas, how else can the progress of the marble chip and acid reaction be followed?
Model answer
The flask can stand on a balance and the loss in mass be recorded at regular time intervals.
- 5
When the effect of chip size is investigated with acid and marble, which variable is changed and which must be held constant?
Model answer
The size of the marble chips is changed, while the concentration and volume of acid, the mass of marble and the temperature are kept the same.
- 6
Why are readings of gas volume taken every few seconds rather than only at the end of the reaction?
Model answer
Regular readings show how the rate changes as the reaction proceeds, not just the total amount of gas made.
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