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Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table

Group 0

  • 3 things to know
  • Chemistry Paper 1

Overview

The noble gases, why their full outer shells make them unreactive, how many outer electrons helium and the rest have, and how boiling point and density change going down the group.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

How many electrons does a helium atom have in its outer shell?

Key term

How do the boiling points of the noble gases relate to relative atomic mass?

Key term

Explain, in terms of electrons, why argon does not react with oxygen.

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    What are the elements of Group 0 called?

    Model answer

    They are called the noble gases.

  2. 2

    Why are the noble gases unreactive?

    Model answer

    Because their atoms already have a stable arrangement of electrons in the outer shell.

  3. 3

    How many electrons are in the outer shell of a noble gas atom, apart from helium?

    Model answer

    Eight electrons.

  4. 4

    How many electrons does a helium atom have in its outer shell?

    Model answer

    Only two, which is a full shell for helium.

  5. 5

    Why do the noble gases not easily form molecules?

    Model answer

    Because their atoms have stable outer shells, so there is no tendency to share, lose or gain electrons.

  6. 6

    What happens to the boiling points of the noble gases going down the group?

    Model answer

    They increase.

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Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table
Bonding, Structure, and the Properties of Matter
Chemical Analysis
Chemical Changes

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AMolecular size controls boiling point, viscosity and flammability.
BSmall molecules make gases and petrol that ignite easily.
CLarge molecules make thick liquids burned in furnaces and ships.

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Base means any substance that neutralises an acid.
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