Key term
AQA GCSE Combined Science Chemistry 8464
Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table
Topic overviewAtoms, elements and compoundsWord equations, symbols and balanced equationsMixturesFrom the plum pudding model to the nuclear modelBohr, Chadwick and the modern model of the atomRelative electrical charges of subatomic particlesSize and mass of atomsRelative atomic mass and electronic structureThe periodic tableDevelopment of the periodic tableMetals and non-metalsGroup 0Group 1Group 7
Bonding, Structure, and the Properties of Matter
Topic overviewChemical bonds, including metallic bondingIonic bondingIonic compoundsCovalent bonding and how it is representedThe three states of matter and changes of statePredicting state, state symbols, and the limits of the particle modelProperties of ionic compoundsProperties of small moleculesPolymers and giant covalent structuresProperties of metals and alloys, and why metals conductDiamond and graphiteGraphene and fullerenes
Chemical Analysis
Chemical Changes
Topic overviewThe reactivity seriesMetal oxides, extraction, and redox in terms of electronsAcids reacting with metals, neutralisation and saltsSoluble saltsThe pH scale and neutralisationThe process of electrolysis, and molten ionic compoundsUsing electrolysis to extract metalsElectrolysis of aqueous solutions
Chemistry of the Atmosphere
Topic overviewThe Earth's early atmosphereHow oxygen increased and carbon dioxide decreasedThe gases in today's atmosphere, and which are greenhouse gasesHuman activities which contribute to an increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphereGlobal climate change and carbon footprintsAtmospheric pollutants from fuels, and their effects
Energy Changes
Organic Chemistry
Quantitative Chemistry
The Rate and Extent of Chemical Change
Using Resources
Life cycle assessment
- 3 things to know
- Chemistry Paper 2
Overview
What a life cycle assessment is and its four stages from raw materials to disposal, what can be quantified and why value judgements make it subjective, selective assessments in advertising, and paper against plastic bags.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
Process
Explain why a product's impact is assessed stage by stage rather than as one figure.
Process
At which stage of a life cycle assessment is transport and distribution counted?
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
What is a life cycle assessment?
Model answer
An assessment of the environmental impact of a product at every stage of its life.
- 2
Explain why a product's impact is assessed stage by stage rather than as one figure.
Model answer
Different stages use different resources and cause different impacts, so separating them shows where the impact actually arises.
- 3
State the four stages considered in a life cycle assessment.
Model answer
Extracting and processing the raw materials, manufacturing and packaging, use and operation during its lifetime, and disposal at the end of its useful life.
- 4
At which stage of a life cycle assessment is transport and distribution counted?
Model answer
Transport and distribution are counted at every stage.
- 5
A worn-out plastic bag is sent to landfill. Which stage of its life cycle assessment does this belong to?
Model answer
Disposal at the end of its useful life.
- 6
Crude oil is drilled and refined to make the polymer for a bag. Which stage of the bag's life cycle assessment is this?
Model answer
Extracting and processing the raw materials.
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