Key term
AQA GCSE Physics 8463
Atomic Structure
Topic overviewThe structure of an atomMass number, atomic number and isotopesFrom the plum pudding model to the nuclear modelChadwick, the neutron, and comparing the modelsRadioactive decay and nuclear radiationNuclear equationsHalf-lives and the random nature of radioactive decayRadioactive contaminationBackground radiationUses of nuclear radiation, and how half-life affects hazardNuclear fission and nuclear fusion
Electricity
Topic overviewCircuit symbols, electrical charge and currentCurrent, resistance and potential differenceOhmic conductors, filament lamps, diodes and thermistorsLight-dependent resistors, and investigating resistanceCurrent and potential difference in series and parallelConstructing circuits, and calculating in series circuitsDirect and alternating potential difference, and mains electricityPower and efficiencyAppliances, and the energy transferred by electrical workPower, and the power ratings of domestic appliancesThe National GridStatic chargeElectric fields
Energy
Forces
Topic overviewScalars, vectors, forces and the resultant forceGravityWork done and energy transferStretching, compressing, and the spring constantLinear and non-linear extension, and work done on a springMoments, levers and gearsPressure at a surface, and the equation p = F over AAtmospheric pressureDistance, displacement and speedThe speed of sound, and the distance-speed-time equationVelocity and the distance-time relationshipAcceleration, deceleration and velocity-time graphsArea under a velocity-time graph, and the uniform acceleration equationNewton's First LawNewton's Second and Third LawsStopping distance and reaction timeFactors affecting braking distanceBraking force, deceleration and the dangers of stopping quickly
Magnetism and Electromagnetism
Particle Model of Matter
Space Physics
Waves
Topic overviewTransverse and longitudinal waves, and the wave equationWave properties, and refraction at a boundaryReflection of wavesTypes and uses of electromagnetic wavesRadio waves, and the hazards of ultraviolet, X-rays and gamma raysLensesVisible lightEmission and absorption of infrared radiation, and black bodies
Atomic Structure
From the plum pudding model to the nuclear model
- 3 things to know
- Paper 1
Overview
Why scientific models change, atoms as indivisible before the discovery of the electron, the plum pudding model, the alpha particle scattering experiment and its conclusions, why the plum pudding model could not explain the results, Bohr's electrons orbiting at specific distances, and the later discovery of protons in the nucleus.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
Key term
Explain why scientists do not treat any model of the atom as final.
Key term
What were atoms thought to be before the electron was discovered?
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
What can cause a scientific model to be changed or replaced?
Model answer
New experimental evidence that the existing model cannot explain.
- 2
Explain why scientists do not treat any model of the atom as final.
Model answer
A model is kept only for as long as it fits the evidence, and new experimental results may force it to be changed or replaced.
- 3
What were atoms thought to be before the electron was discovered?
Model answer
Tiny spheres that could not be divided into anything smaller.
- 4
Which discovery first showed that the atom is not indivisible?
Model answer
The discovery of the electron.
- 5
Describe the plum pudding model of the atom.
Model answer
The atom is a ball of positive charge with negative electrons embedded inside it.
- 6
Which discovery led scientists to propose the plum pudding model?
Model answer
The discovery of the electron.
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