Key term
AQA GCSE Physics 8463
Atomic Structure
Topic overviewThe structure of an atomMass number, atomic number and isotopesFrom the plum pudding model to the nuclear modelChadwick, the neutron, and comparing the modelsRadioactive decay and nuclear radiationNuclear equationsHalf-lives and the random nature of radioactive decayRadioactive contaminationBackground radiationUses of nuclear radiation, and how half-life affects hazardNuclear fission and nuclear fusion
Electricity
Topic overviewCircuit symbols, electrical charge and currentCurrent, resistance and potential differenceOhmic conductors, filament lamps, diodes and thermistorsLight-dependent resistors, and investigating resistanceCurrent and potential difference in series and parallelConstructing circuits, and calculating in series circuitsDirect and alternating potential difference, and mains electricityPower and efficiencyAppliances, and the energy transferred by electrical workPower, and the power ratings of domestic appliancesThe National GridStatic chargeElectric fields
Energy
Forces
Topic overviewScalars, vectors, forces and the resultant forceGravityWork done and energy transferStretching, compressing, and the spring constantLinear and non-linear extension, and work done on a springMoments, levers and gearsPressure at a surface, and the equation p = F over AAtmospheric pressureDistance, displacement and speedThe speed of sound, and the distance-speed-time equationVelocity and the distance-time relationshipAcceleration, deceleration and velocity-time graphsArea under a velocity-time graph, and the uniform acceleration equationNewton's First LawNewton's Second and Third LawsStopping distance and reaction timeFactors affecting braking distanceBraking force, deceleration and the dangers of stopping quickly
Magnetism and Electromagnetism
Particle Model of Matter
Space Physics
Waves
Topic overviewTransverse and longitudinal waves, and the wave equationWave properties, and refraction at a boundaryReflection of wavesTypes and uses of electromagnetic wavesRadio waves, and the hazards of ultraviolet, X-rays and gamma raysLensesVisible lightEmission and absorption of infrared radiation, and black bodies
Energy
Energy changes in systems
- 3 things to know
- Paper 1
Overview
The equation for the energy stored or released when temperature changes, calculating energy, mass, specific heat capacity and temperature rise, the units in the thermal energy equation, comparing specific heat capacities, and the practical to find the specific heat capacity of a metal block using an immersion heater, insulation and a drop of oil.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
Numbers
0.5 kg of aluminium warms by 20 °C. The specific heat capacity of aluminium is 900 J/kg °C. Calculate the energy transferred to it.
Key term
State the symbol equation for the change in thermal energy of a substance whose temperature changes.
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
State the equation, in words, for the energy stored or released when the temperature of a substance changes.
Model answer
Change in thermal energy = mass × specific heat capacity × temperature change.
- 2
2 kg of water is heated from 20 °C to 50 °C. The specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J/kg °C. Calculate the energy transferred to the water.
Model answer
ΔE = 2 × 4200 × 30 = 252 000 J, or 252 kJ.
- 3
0.5 kg of aluminium warms by 20 °C. The specific heat capacity of aluminium is 900 J/kg °C. Calculate the energy transferred to it.
Model answer
ΔE = 0.5 × 900 × 20 = 9000 J.
- 4
Transferring 33 600 J of energy to a mass of water raises its temperature by 4 °C. The specific heat capacity of water is 4200 J/kg °C. Calculate the mass of water.
Model answer
m = 33 600 ÷ (4200 × 4) = 2 kg.
- 5
State the symbol equation for the change in thermal energy of a substance whose temperature changes.
Model answer
ΔE = mcΔθ.
- 6
Heating 1 kg of a substance with 4500 J raises its temperature by 10 °C. Calculate its specific heat capacity.
Model answer
c = 4500 ÷ (1 × 10) = 450 J/kg °C.
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