Key term
AQA GCSE Combined Science Physics 8464
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Topic overviewScalars, vectors, forces and the resultant forceGravityWork done and energy transferStretching, compressing, and the spring constantLinear and non-linear extension, and work done on a springResolving forces and free body diagramsDistance, displacement and speedThe speed of sound, and the distance-speed-time equationVelocity and the distance-time relationshipAcceleration, deceleration and velocity-time graphsArea under a velocity-time graph, and the uniform acceleration equationNewton's First LawNewton's Second and Third LawsStopping distance and reaction timeFactors affecting braking distanceBraking force, deceleration and the dangers of stopping quicklyMomentum and its conservation
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Forces
Factors affecting braking distance
- 2 things to know
- Physics Paper 2
Overview
The factors that lengthen braking distance, including icy and wet roads and worn brakes and tyres, whether heavy rain affects thinking or braking distance, leaving a bigger gap in icy weather, checking tyre tread, lower speed limits outside schools, and estimating braking distance when speed doubles or the road is wet.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
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Key term
Explain why the braking distance of a car is longer on an icy road.
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
Name two general kinds of factor that can lengthen the braking distance of a vehicle.
Model answer
Adverse road and weather conditions, and the vehicle being in poor condition.
- 2
Explain why the braking distance of a car is longer on an icy road.
Model answer
Ice reduces the friction between the tyres and the road, so the braking force is smaller and the car travels further before stopping.
- 3
Explain why worn brakes lengthen a vehicle's braking distance.
Model answer
Worn brakes produce a smaller friction force on the wheels, so the deceleration is smaller and the vehicle travels further.
- 4
Name two adverse road conditions that lengthen braking distance.
Model answer
Wet conditions and icy conditions.
- 5
Which two parts of a vehicle, when in poor condition, lengthen its braking distance?
Model answer
The brakes and the tyres.
- 6
Explain why worn tyres lengthen the braking distance of a car.
Model answer
Worn tyres grip the road less well, so there is less friction to slow the car and it travels further before stopping.
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