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Particle Model of Matter

Particle motion in gases

  • 3 things to know
  • Physics Paper 1

Overview

The random motion of gas molecules, how temperature relates to their average kinetic energy, and how collisions with the container walls produce pressure that rises and falls with temperature at constant volume.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

Use the particle model to explain how the pressure of a gas at constant volume depends on its temperature.

Key term

What is the temperature of a gas related to?

Key term

What happens to the pressure of a gas in a sealed rigid container when its temperature is increased?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    Describe the motion of the molecules of a gas.

    Model answer

    They are in constant motion, moving in random directions.

  2. 2

    What is the temperature of a gas related to?

    Model answer

    The average kinetic energy of its molecules.

  3. 3

    What happens to the average kinetic energy of the molecules of a gas when its temperature is raised?

    Model answer

    It increases.

  4. 4

    Two different gases are at the same temperature. Compare the average kinetic energy of their molecules.

    Model answer

    It is the same, because temperature is related to the average kinetic energy of the molecules.

  5. 5

    What is meant by saying that the molecules of a gas are in random motion?

    Model answer

    They move in all directions with no preferred direction, changing direction whenever they collide.

  6. 6

    What happens to the pressure of a gas in a sealed rigid container when its temperature is increased?

    Model answer

    The pressure increases.

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