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Magnetism and Electromagnetism

Transformer power, and using the transformer equations

  • 3 things to know
  • Physics Paper 2

Overview

The power equation for a transformer that wastes no energy, which coil's potential difference and current give the input and output power, the unit of power, what happens to the current when the potential difference is stepped up, and calculations of input current and transmission line current.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Process

Which coil's potential difference and current give the power output of a transformer?

Process

Which coil's potential difference and current give the power input of a transformer?

Process

In what unit are the input and output powers of a transformer measured?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    Write the equation linking the potential differences and currents in the two coils of a transformer that wastes no energy.

    Model answer

    Vs × Is = Vp × Ip, where p labels the primary coil and s the secondary coil.

  2. 2

    What does the potential difference across a transformer coil multiplied by the current in it tell you?

    Model answer

    The electrical power transferred by that coil.

  3. 3

    Which coil's potential difference and current give the power output of a transformer?

    Model answer

    The secondary coil's.

  4. 4

    Which coil's potential difference and current give the power input of a transformer?

    Model answer

    The primary coil's.

  5. 5

    A transformer draws a current of 2.0 A from a 230 V supply. Calculate the power input.

    Model answer

    Power input = 230 × 2.0 = 460 W.

  6. 6

    In what unit are the input and output powers of a transformer measured?

    Model answer

    In watts, W.

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