Key term
Edexcel GCSE Combined Science Biology 1SC0
Key Concepts in Biology
Topic overviewEukaryotic and prokaryotic cellsSpecialised cells and their adaptationsMicroscopes and magnification calculationsSize, scale and units in cell biologyEnzyme action and denaturationFactors affecting enzyme activityEnzymes in synthesis and digestion, and rate calculationsDiffusion, osmosis and active transportOsmosis in potatoes and percentage change in mass
Cells and Control
Genetics
Topic overviewMeiosis and the formation of gametesDNA structure, genes and the genomeExtracting DNA from fruitAlleles, genotype and phenotypeMonohybrid crosses and sex determinationProbability and ratios from genetic crossesCauses of variation: genes and environmentThe Human Genome ProjectGenetic variation and the effects of mutation
Natural Selection and Genetic Modification
Health, Disease and the Development of Medicines
Topic overviewHealth, disease and susceptibilityPathogens and common infectionsHow pathogens spread, and the virus life cycleSexually transmitted infectionsPhysical barriers and chemical defencesThe immune system, immunisation and herd immunityAntibiotics and developing new medicinesLifestyle factors and non-communicable diseaseTreatments for cardiovascular disease
Plant Structures and Their Functions
Animal Coordination, Control and Homeostasis
Exchange and Transport in Animals
Topic overviewWhy multicellular organisms need exchange surfacesAlveoli and gas exchangeThe blood and its componentsArteries, veins and capillariesThe heart and the circulatory systemCellular respiration as an exothermic reactionAerobic and anaerobic respiration comparedInvestigating the rate of respirationCardiac output, stroke volume and heart rate
Ecosystems and Material Cycles
Ecosystems and Material Cycles
The water and nitrogen cycles
- 3 things to know
- Paper 2
Overview
Evaporation, transpiration, condensation and precipitation in the water cycle, potable water and desalination by distillation, why sea water dehydrates, and the nitrogen cycle, with nitrogen-fixing, nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria, decomposers, legume crop rotation, fertilisers and draining waterlogged soil.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
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Key term
Describe how sea water is made into potable water and why untreated sea water dehydrates a person.
Process
Name the two processes that move water from the Earth's surface into the air.
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
Name the two processes that move water from the Earth's surface into the air.
Model answer
Evaporation from oceans, lakes and rivers, and transpiration from plants.
- 2
Describe how water vapour in the air becomes rain.
Model answer
The vapour rises and cools, condensing into droplets that form clouds, and these droplets fall as precipitation.
- 3
Explain why the water cycle is important to organisms living on land.
Model answer
It continually delivers fresh water, which organisms need as a solvent for reactions, for transport and for support.
- 4
What is potable water?
Model answer
Potable water is water that is safe for humans to drink.
- 5
What is desalination?
Model answer
Desalination is the removal of dissolved salts from sea water to make it fit to drink.
- 6
Describe how distillation turns sea water into potable water.
Model answer
The sea water is heated so that pure water evaporates, and the vapour is then cooled and condensed, leaving the salts behind.
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