Key term
Edexcel GCSE Combined Science Biology 1SC0
Key Concepts in Biology
Topic overviewEukaryotic and prokaryotic cellsSpecialised cells and their adaptationsMicroscopes and magnification calculationsSize, scale and units in cell biologyEnzyme action and denaturationFactors affecting enzyme activityEnzymes in synthesis and digestion, and rate calculationsDiffusion, osmosis and active transportOsmosis in potatoes and percentage change in mass
Cells and Control
Genetics
Topic overviewMeiosis and the formation of gametesDNA structure, genes and the genomeExtracting DNA from fruitAlleles, genotype and phenotypeMonohybrid crosses and sex determinationProbability and ratios from genetic crossesCauses of variation: genes and environmentThe Human Genome ProjectGenetic variation and the effects of mutation
Natural Selection and Genetic Modification
Health, Disease and the Development of Medicines
Topic overviewHealth, disease and susceptibilityPathogens and common infectionsHow pathogens spread, and the virus life cycleSexually transmitted infectionsPhysical barriers and chemical defencesThe immune system, immunisation and herd immunityAntibiotics and developing new medicinesLifestyle factors and non-communicable diseaseTreatments for cardiovascular disease
Plant Structures and Their Functions
Animal Coordination, Control and Homeostasis
Exchange and Transport in Animals
Topic overviewWhy multicellular organisms need exchange surfacesAlveoli and gas exchangeThe blood and its componentsArteries, veins and capillariesThe heart and the circulatory systemCellular respiration as an exothermic reactionAerobic and anaerobic respiration comparedInvestigating the rate of respirationCardiac output, stroke volume and heart rate
Ecosystems and Material Cycles
Natural Selection and Genetic Modification
Five kingdoms and the three domains
- 3 things to know
- Paper 1
Overview
The older five kingdom classification and what it was based on, Carl Woese's three domains of Archaea, Bacteria and Eukarya, the genetic and chemical evidence for them, why archaea were separated from bacteria, and why genetic analysis classifies organisms more reliably than appearance.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
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Key term
On what was the five kingdom system mainly based?
Key term
Name the three domains.
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
Name the five kingdoms used in the older classification system.
Model answer
Prokaryotes, protists, fungi, plants and animals.
- 2
On what was the five kingdom system mainly based?
Model answer
Observable features such as cell structure, the number of cells and how the organism obtains its food.
- 3
Name the three domains.
Model answer
Archaea, Bacteria and Eukarya.
- 4
Which scientist proposed the three domain system of classification?
Model answer
Carl Woese.
- 5
What kind of evidence led scientists to propose three domains?
Model answer
Comparison of molecules between organisms, especially the base sequences of ribosomal RNA, together with differences in membrane lipids and enzymes.
- 6
Explain why archaea were separated from bacteria despite both being prokaryotes.
Model answer
Although the cells look alike under a microscope, their genes and cell chemistry differ so much that the two groups are only distantly related.
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