Key term
Edexcel GCSE Combined Science Biology 1SC0
Key Concepts in Biology
Topic overviewEukaryotic and prokaryotic cellsSpecialised cells and their adaptationsMicroscopes and magnification calculationsSize, scale and units in cell biologyEnzyme action and denaturationFactors affecting enzyme activityEnzymes in synthesis and digestion, and rate calculationsDiffusion, osmosis and active transportOsmosis in potatoes and percentage change in mass
Cells and Control
Genetics
Topic overviewMeiosis and the formation of gametesDNA structure, genes and the genomeExtracting DNA from fruitAlleles, genotype and phenotypeMonohybrid crosses and sex determinationProbability and ratios from genetic crossesCauses of variation: genes and environmentThe Human Genome ProjectGenetic variation and the effects of mutation
Natural Selection and Genetic Modification
Health, Disease and the Development of Medicines
Topic overviewHealth, disease and susceptibilityPathogens and common infectionsHow pathogens spread, and the virus life cycleSexually transmitted infectionsPhysical barriers and chemical defencesThe immune system, immunisation and herd immunityAntibiotics and developing new medicinesLifestyle factors and non-communicable diseaseTreatments for cardiovascular disease
Plant Structures and Their Functions
Animal Coordination, Control and Homeostasis
Exchange and Transport in Animals
Topic overviewWhy multicellular organisms need exchange surfacesAlveoli and gas exchangeThe blood and its componentsArteries, veins and capillariesThe heart and the circulatory systemCellular respiration as an exothermic reactionAerobic and anaerobic respiration comparedInvestigating the rate of respirationCardiac output, stroke volume and heart rate
Ecosystems and Material Cycles
Health, Disease and the Development of Medicines
Pathogens and common infections
- 3 things to know
- Paper 1
Overview
Pathogens and the four types, how viruses, bacteria, fungi and protists cause disease, and the pathogen, symptoms and damage of cholera, tuberculosis, Chalara ash dieback, malaria, and HIV and AIDS.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
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Key term
Name the four types of pathogen.
Key term
Explain why a virus can only reproduce inside a living cell.
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
What is a pathogen?
Model answer
A pathogen is an organism that causes disease.
- 2
Name the four types of pathogen.
Model answer
Viruses, bacteria, fungi and protists.
- 3
Explain why a virus can only reproduce inside a living cell.
Model answer
A virus has none of the machinery needed to copy itself, so it must use the machinery of a host cell.
- 4
Describe how bacteria make a person feel ill.
Model answer
Bacteria reproduce rapidly inside the body and release toxins that damage cells and tissues.
- 5
Describe one way a fungal pathogen damages its host.
Model answer
The fungus grows into the host tissue and digests it, killing cells and producing visible lesions.
- 6
What is a protist?
Model answer
A protist is a single-celled eukaryotic organism, and some kinds live as parasites that cause disease.
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