Key term
Edexcel GCSE Combined Science Biology 1SC0
Key Concepts in Biology
Topic overviewEukaryotic and prokaryotic cellsSpecialised cells and their adaptationsMicroscopes and magnification calculationsSize, scale and units in cell biologyEnzyme action and denaturationFactors affecting enzyme activityEnzymes in synthesis and digestion, and rate calculationsDiffusion, osmosis and active transportOsmosis in potatoes and percentage change in mass
Cells and Control
Genetics
Topic overviewMeiosis and the formation of gametesDNA structure, genes and the genomeExtracting DNA from fruitAlleles, genotype and phenotypeMonohybrid crosses and sex determinationProbability and ratios from genetic crossesCauses of variation: genes and environmentThe Human Genome ProjectGenetic variation and the effects of mutation
Natural Selection and Genetic Modification
Health, Disease and the Development of Medicines
Topic overviewHealth, disease and susceptibilityPathogens and common infectionsHow pathogens spread, and the virus life cycleSexually transmitted infectionsPhysical barriers and chemical defencesThe immune system, immunisation and herd immunityAntibiotics and developing new medicinesLifestyle factors and non-communicable diseaseTreatments for cardiovascular disease
Plant Structures and Their Functions
Animal Coordination, Control and Homeostasis
Exchange and Transport in Animals
Topic overviewWhy multicellular organisms need exchange surfacesAlveoli and gas exchangeThe blood and its componentsArteries, veins and capillariesThe heart and the circulatory systemCellular respiration as an exothermic reactionAerobic and anaerobic respiration comparedInvestigating the rate of respirationCardiac output, stroke volume and heart rate
Ecosystems and Material Cycles
Exchange and Transport in Animals
Arteries, veins and capillaries
- 3 things to know
- Paper 2
Overview
Arteries, veins and capillaries and the direction each carries blood, and how the thick elastic walls and narrow lumen of arteries, the valves and wide lumen of veins, and the thin walls and dense networks of capillaries suit their functions.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
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Key term
Name the three types of blood vessel.
Key term
State the direction in which arteries carry blood.
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
Name the three types of blood vessel.
Model answer
Arteries, veins and capillaries.
- 2
State the direction in which arteries carry blood.
Model answer
Arteries carry blood away from the heart.
- 3
Explain why an artery has a thick, muscular and elastic wall.
Model answer
Blood leaves the heart at high pressure, and the strong elastic wall withstands the surges and smooths the flow.
- 4
Explain how the narrow lumen of an artery suits its function.
Model answer
A narrow lumen helps to keep the blood pressure high as blood is carried to the organs.
- 5
Explain why veins contain valves.
Model answer
Blood in veins is at low pressure, so valves are needed to stop it flowing backwards.
- 6
Explain how the wide lumen of a vein suits its function.
Model answer
A wide lumen offers little resistance, so low-pressure blood can still flow back to the heart.
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