Key term
AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology 8464
Bioenergetics
Cell Biology
Topic overviewEukaryotes and prokaryotesAnimal and plant cellsCell specialisation and differentiationMicroscopyChromosomes, mitosis and the cell cycleStem cells in embryos, adults and meristemsTherapeutic cloning, its risks, and cloning plantsDiffusion and the factors affecting its rateSurface area to volume ratio and exchange surfacesOsmosisActive transport
Ecology
Topic overviewLevels of organisation in an ecosystem, and what organisms needCompetition, interdependence and stable communitiesAbiotic factorsBiotic factorsAdaptationsProducers, food chains and sampling with quadrats and transectsPredators, prey and measuring population sizeHow materials are cycledWaste management and biodiversityLand use, deforestation and global warmingMaintaining biodiversity
Homeostasis and Response
Infection and Response
Inheritance, Variation and Evolution
Topic overviewSexual and asexual reproductionMeiosisDNA and the genomeGenetic terms, dominant and recessive allelesPunnett squares, probability and genetic crossesInherited disorders and sex determinationVariationEvolutionSelective breedingWhat genetic engineering is, and what it is used forGM crops, their risks, and the steps of the processEvidence for evolution, and extinctionFossilsResistant bacteriaClassification of living organisms
Organisation
Topic overviewLevels of organisation, and how enzymes workAmylase, proteases and lipasesBile, food tests and the effect of pH on amylaseThe heart, the lungs and double circulationThe pacemaker, the blood vessels and the bloodCoronary heart disease: a non-communicable diseaseHealth issuesRisk factors and causal mechanisms in diseaseSampling, correlation and interpreting risk dataCancerPlant tissues, and transpiration and its rateRoot hair cells, xylem, phloem and stomata
Ecology
Competition, interdependence and stable communities
- 3 things to know
- Biology Paper 2
Overview
What plants and animals compete for, with seedlings under trees and fighting deer, interdependence and what species depend on each other for, stable communities, the effects of losing bees or a single species, and reading producers and competition from tables.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
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Key term
Name three things that animals commonly compete with each other for.
Key term
Explain why seedlings growing directly under a tall tree usually grow poorly.
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
Name four things that plants in a habitat compete with each other for.
Model answer
Light, space, water and mineral ions from the soil.
- 2
Name three things that animals commonly compete with each other for.
Model answer
Food, mates and territory.
- 3
Explain why seedlings growing directly under a tall tree usually grow poorly.
Model answer
The tree's canopy takes most of the light, so the seedlings cannot photosynthesise fast enough to grow.
- 4
Why do plants compete for mineral ions?
Model answer
They need mineral ions such as nitrate from the soil to make the proteins needed for growth.
- 5
Explain why male deer fight each other in the breeding season.
Model answer
They are competing for territory and for mates, so the winner fathers more offspring.
- 6
What is meant by interdependence?
Model answer
Each species in a community depends on other species, so a change in one species affects the others.
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