Key term
AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology 8464
Bioenergetics
Cell Biology
Topic overviewEukaryotes and prokaryotesAnimal and plant cellsCell specialisation and differentiationMicroscopyChromosomes, mitosis and the cell cycleStem cells in embryos, adults and meristemsTherapeutic cloning, its risks, and cloning plantsDiffusion and the factors affecting its rateSurface area to volume ratio and exchange surfacesOsmosisActive transport
Ecology
Topic overviewLevels of organisation in an ecosystem, and what organisms needCompetition, interdependence and stable communitiesAbiotic factorsBiotic factorsAdaptationsProducers, food chains and sampling with quadrats and transectsPredators, prey and measuring population sizeHow materials are cycledWaste management and biodiversityLand use, deforestation and global warmingMaintaining biodiversity
Homeostasis and Response
Infection and Response
Inheritance, Variation and Evolution
Topic overviewSexual and asexual reproductionMeiosisDNA and the genomeGenetic terms, dominant and recessive allelesPunnett squares, probability and genetic crossesInherited disorders and sex determinationVariationEvolutionSelective breedingWhat genetic engineering is, and what it is used forGM crops, their risks, and the steps of the processEvidence for evolution, and extinctionFossilsResistant bacteriaClassification of living organisms
Organisation
Topic overviewLevels of organisation, and how enzymes workAmylase, proteases and lipasesBile, food tests and the effect of pH on amylaseThe heart, the lungs and double circulationThe pacemaker, the blood vessels and the bloodCoronary heart disease: a non-communicable diseaseHealth issuesRisk factors and causal mechanisms in diseaseSampling, correlation and interpreting risk dataCancerPlant tissues, and transpiration and its rateRoot hair cells, xylem, phloem and stomata
Ecology
Producers, food chains and sampling with quadrats and transects
- 3 things to know
- Biology Paper 2
Overview
Producers and biomass, why a producer starts every food chain and what the arrows mean, quadrats and transects, distribution against abundance, and the mean, median and mode of counts.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
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Key term
Which organisms are the producers of biomass for life on Earth?
Key term
What is meant by biomass?
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
Which organisms are the producers of biomass for life on Earth?
Model answer
Photosynthetic organisms, such as green plants and algae.
- 2
What is meant by biomass?
Model answer
The mass of living material present in an organism or in a feeding level.
- 3
What always comes first in a food chain, and why?
Model answer
A producer, because it synthesises the food molecules that every other organism in the chain depends on.
- 4
How does a green plant make the glucose that starts a food chain?
Model answer
By photosynthesis, using light energy to make glucose from carbon dioxide and water.
- 5
What do the arrows in a food chain represent?
Model answer
The transfer of biomass from the organism that is eaten to the organism that eats it.
- 6
What is a quadrat and what is it used for?
Model answer
A square frame of known area that is placed on the ground to sample the number or the cover of a species.
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