Key term
AQA GCSE Combined Science Biology 8464
Bioenergetics
Cell Biology
Topic overviewEukaryotes and prokaryotesAnimal and plant cellsCell specialisation and differentiationMicroscopyChromosomes, mitosis and the cell cycleStem cells in embryos, adults and meristemsTherapeutic cloning, its risks, and cloning plantsDiffusion and the factors affecting its rateSurface area to volume ratio and exchange surfacesOsmosisActive transport
Ecology
Topic overviewLevels of organisation in an ecosystem, and what organisms needCompetition, interdependence and stable communitiesAbiotic factorsBiotic factorsAdaptationsProducers, food chains and sampling with quadrats and transectsPredators, prey and measuring population sizeHow materials are cycledWaste management and biodiversityLand use, deforestation and global warmingMaintaining biodiversity
Homeostasis and Response
Infection and Response
Inheritance, Variation and Evolution
Topic overviewSexual and asexual reproductionMeiosisDNA and the genomeGenetic terms, dominant and recessive allelesPunnett squares, probability and genetic crossesInherited disorders and sex determinationVariationEvolutionSelective breedingWhat genetic engineering is, and what it is used forGM crops, their risks, and the steps of the processEvidence for evolution, and extinctionFossilsResistant bacteriaClassification of living organisms
Organisation
Topic overviewLevels of organisation, and how enzymes workAmylase, proteases and lipasesBile, food tests and the effect of pH on amylaseThe heart, the lungs and double circulationThe pacemaker, the blood vessels and the bloodCoronary heart disease: a non-communicable diseaseHealth issuesRisk factors and causal mechanisms in diseaseSampling, correlation and interpreting risk dataCancerPlant tissues, and transpiration and its rateRoot hair cells, xylem, phloem and stomata
Ecology
How materials are cycled
- 3 things to know
- Biology Paper 2
Overview
Why materials must be recycled, the carbon cycle through photosynthesis, respiration, combustion and decomposers, the water cycle through evaporation, condensation and precipitation, and the role of microorganisms in returning carbon dioxide and mineral ions.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
Process
Which process removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, and which two processes return it?
Key term
Describe how the carbon in a dead leaf is returned to the atmosphere.
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
Why must the materials in the living world be recycled?
Model answer
The supply on Earth is limited, so the same materials must be used again as the building blocks of future organisms.
- 2
What is meant by saying that materials are cycled through an ecosystem?
Model answer
They pass repeatedly between the living organisms and the non-living parts of the environment.
- 3
Why is the carbon cycle important to plants?
Model answer
It returns carbon dioxide to the atmosphere so that plants can continue to photosynthesise.
- 4
Why is the water cycle important to organisms living on land?
Model answer
It supplies them with a continuous supply of fresh water.
- 5
Which process removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, and which two processes return it?
Model answer
Photosynthesis removes it, while respiration and combustion return it.
- 6
Describe how the carbon in a dead leaf is returned to the atmosphere.
Model answer
Decomposers feed on the leaf and respire, releasing the carbon as carbon dioxide.
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