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Psychological Problems

Clinical depression

  • 3 things to know
  • Paper 2

Overview

Unipolar and bipolar depression, how the International Classification of Diseases is used to diagnose it, and its effects on sleep, appetite and energy.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

How is unipolar depression diagnosed using the ICD, and which symptoms count?

Key term

What is clinical depression?

Key term

How does depression differ from sadness?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    What is clinical depression?

    Model answer

    Clinical depression is a mental health problem involving a persistent low mood and loss of interest that affects daily life. Clinical depression lasts much longer and is more severe than ordinary sadness.

  2. 2

    How does depression differ from sadness?

    Model answer

    Sadness is a normal, short-lived reaction to a difficult event. Depression lasts for weeks or longer, may have no obvious cause, and interferes with everyday functioning.

  3. 3

    What is unipolar depression?

    Model answer

    Unipolar depression is depression without episodes of mania. The person experiences low mood only.

  4. 4

    What is bipolar depression?

    Model answer

    Bipolar depression involves periods of depression alternating with periods of mania. During mania a person may feel extremely energetic, elated or irritable.

  5. 5

    How does unipolar depression differ from bipolar depression?

    Model answer

    Unipolar depression involves only low mood. Bipolar depression swings between depression and mania.

  6. 6

    What is the International Classification of Diseases (ICD)?

    Model answer

    The International Classification of Diseases is a system published by the World Health Organization for diagnosing health conditions. Doctors use it to decide whether a person's symptoms fit a diagnosis.

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