What is a repeated measures design?

A repeated measures design uses the same participants in every condition. Each person's scores in the different conditions are compared.

Give one strength and one weakness of a repeated measures design.

A repeated measures design removes participant variables, because each person is compared with themselves. Order effects, such as practice or boredom, may affect later conditions.

What is a matched pairs design?

A matched pairs design uses different participants who are paired on relevant features, such as age or IQ. One member of each pair goes into each condition.

AQA GCSE Psychology 8182

Memory

Topic overview Processes and types of memory The multi-store model of memory Primacy, recency and Murdock's serial position curve Reconstructive memory, Bartlett and factors affecting accuracy

Perception

Topic overview Sensation, perception and depth cues Gibson's direct theory of perception Visual illusions Gregory's constructivist theory of perception Perceptual set and factors affecting perception

Development

Topic overview Early brain development, nature and nurture Piaget's stage theory of cognitive development Piaget in education, naughty teddy and policeman doll studies Dweck's mindset theory, learning styles and Willingham

Research Methods

Topic overview Hypotheses and variables Sampling methods Experimental designs and types of experiment Interviews, questionnaires, case studies and observations Research procedures, reliability and validity Ethical issues in psychological research Types of data, calculations and averages Correlation, graphs and the normal distribution

Social Influence

Topic overview Conformity and Asch's study Obedience, agency theory and the authoritarian personality Bystander intervention and Piliavin's subway study Crowd and collective behaviour

Language, Thought and Communication

Topic overview Language, thought and the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis Animal communication and von Frisch's bee study Non-verbal communication Explaining non-verbal behaviour: Darwin and Yuki

Brain and Neuropsychology

Topic overview The nervous system, fight or flight and the James-Lange theory Neurons, synaptic transmission and Hebb's theory Brain structure, localisation and Penfield's study Brain scanning, Tulving's gold memory study and brain damage

Psychological Problems

Topic overview An introduction to mental health Effects of mental health problems Clinical depression Explaining and treating depression Addiction Treating addiction

Research Methods

Experimental designs and types of experiment

3 things to know
Paper 1

Overview

Independent groups, repeated measures and matched pairs designs, and laboratory, field and natural experiments with a strength and a weakness of each.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

What is an experimental design?

Key term

What is an independent groups design?

Evaluation

Give one strength and one weakness of an independent groups design.

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
What is an experimental design?
Model answer
An experimental design is the way participants are organised across the conditions of an experiment.
2
What is an independent groups design?
Model answer
An independent groups design uses different participants in each condition. Each person takes part in only one condition.
3
Give one strength and one weakness of an independent groups design.
Model answer
An independent groups design avoids order effects, because each person does only one condition. Differences between the people in each group may affect the results.
4
What is a repeated measures design?
Model answer
A repeated measures design uses the same participants in every condition. Each person's scores in the different conditions are compared.
5
Give one strength and one weakness of a repeated measures design.
Model answer
A repeated measures design removes participant variables, because each person is compared with themselves. Order effects, such as practice or boredom, may affect later conditions.
6
What is a matched pairs design?
Model answer
A matched pairs design uses different participants who are paired on relevant features, such as age or IQ. One member of each pair goes into each condition.

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