What is deception in research?

Deception means misleading participants or withholding information about the true aim of a study.

How should a researcher deal with deception?

Deception should only be used when the study could not work otherwise and the risk of distress is low. Participants must then be told the truth in a full debrief.

What is the right to withdraw?

The right to withdraw means participants can leave a study at any time without giving a reason. Participants can also ask for their data to be removed.

AQA GCSE Psychology 8182

Memory

Topic overview Processes and types of memory The multi-store model of memory Primacy, recency and Murdock's serial position curve Reconstructive memory, Bartlett and factors affecting accuracy

Perception

Topic overview Sensation, perception and depth cues Gibson's direct theory of perception Visual illusions Gregory's constructivist theory of perception Perceptual set and factors affecting perception

Development

Topic overview Early brain development, nature and nurture Piaget's stage theory of cognitive development Piaget in education, naughty teddy and policeman doll studies Dweck's mindset theory, learning styles and Willingham

Research Methods

Topic overview Hypotheses and variables Sampling methods Experimental designs and types of experiment Interviews, questionnaires, case studies and observations Research procedures, reliability and validity Ethical issues in psychological research Types of data, calculations and averages Correlation, graphs and the normal distribution

Social Influence

Topic overview Conformity and Asch's study Obedience, agency theory and the authoritarian personality Bystander intervention and Piliavin's subway study Crowd and collective behaviour

Language, Thought and Communication

Topic overview Language, thought and the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis Animal communication and von Frisch's bee study Non-verbal communication Explaining non-verbal behaviour: Darwin and Yuki

Brain and Neuropsychology

Topic overview The nervous system, fight or flight and the James-Lange theory Neurons, synaptic transmission and Hebb's theory Brain structure, localisation and Penfield's study Brain scanning, Tulving's gold memory study and brain damage

Psychological Problems

Topic overview An introduction to mental health Effects of mental health problems Clinical depression Explaining and treating depression Addiction Treating addiction

Research Methods

Ethical issues in psychological research

3 things to know
Paper 1

Overview

Informed consent, deception, the right to withdraw, protection from harm, confidentiality and privacy, debriefing, and the role of an ethics committee.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

What are ethical guidelines in psychology?

Key term

What is informed consent?

Key term

How do researchers deal with the issue of informed consent?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
What are ethical guidelines in psychology?
Model answer
Ethical guidelines are rules that protect the rights, dignity and wellbeing of research participants. The British Psychological Society (BPS) sets out the guidelines for psychologists in the UK.
2
What is informed consent?
Model answer
Informed consent means participants agree to take part after being told the aim, the procedure and any risks of the study.
3
How do researchers deal with the issue of informed consent?
Model answer
Participants read what the study involves and then sign a consent form. A parent or guardian must also give consent for a child under 16.
4
What is deception in research?
Model answer
Deception means misleading participants or withholding information about the true aim of a study.
5
How should a researcher deal with deception?
Model answer
Deception should only be used when the study could not work otherwise and the risk of distress is low. Participants must then be told the truth in a full debrief.
6
What is the right to withdraw?
Model answer
The right to withdraw means participants can leave a study at any time without giving a reason. Participants can also ask for their data to be removed.

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Memory

Perception

Development

Research Methods

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