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Business Operations

Job, flow and lean production

  • 3 things to know
  • Paper 1

Overview

Job and flow production with their advantages and drawbacks, when each suits a business, labour productivity worked through a bakery example, lean production, just in time and kaizen.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Evaluation

What is job production, and what are its advantages?

Key term

What are the drawbacks of job production, and what is flow production?

Evaluation

What are the advantages and disadvantages of flow production?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    What is job production?

    Model answer

    Job production is making one-off products, each to a customer's own requirements. A wedding dress or a made-to-measure kitchen is an example.

  2. 2

    What are the advantages of job production?

    Model answer

    Each product meets the customer's exact needs, so a high price can be charged. Skilled, varied work on each item can also motivate staff.

  3. 3

    What are the disadvantages of job production?

    Model answer

    Job production is slow and needs highly skilled, well-paid workers. Unit costs are high because there are few economies of scale.

  4. 4

    What is flow production?

    Model answer

    Flow production is making large quantities of identical products on a continuous production line. Cars and soft drinks are made this way.

  5. 5

    What are the advantages of flow production?

    Model answer

    Output is high and unit costs are low because of economies of scale. Machines can work continuously with little skilled labour.

  6. 6

    What are the disadvantages of flow production?

    Model answer

    A production line needs a large investment in machinery at the start. Repetitive work can bore staff, and one breakdown can halt the whole line.

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