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Memory

Information processing and the multi-store model

  • 3 things to know
  • Component 02

Overview

Input, encoding, storage, retrieval and output, decay, displacement and retrieval failure, and the duration, capacity and encoding of the three stores of the multi-store model.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

How do the three stores of the multi-store model differ in duration?

Numbers

How do the three stores of the multi-store model differ in capacity?

Process

What are the five stages of information processing?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    What are the five stages of information processing?

    Model answer

    The five stages are input, encoding, storage, retrieval and output. Information passes through the stages in that order.

  2. 2

    What happens at the input stage of information processing?

    Model answer

    Input is when information from the environment is taken in through the senses. Sights, sounds and smells are all forms of input.

  3. 3

    What is encoding?

    Model answer

    Encoding is changing information into a form that can be stored in memory. Information can be encoded as sounds, images or meanings.

  4. 4

    What is the difference between storage and retrieval?

    Model answer

    Storage is holding information in memory over time. Retrieval is getting stored information back out of memory when it is needed.

  5. 5

    What is output in information processing?

    Model answer

    Output is the response produced once information has been retrieved and processed. Saying an answer aloud or writing it down are examples of output.

  6. 6

    What is decay as a type of forgetting?

    Model answer

    Decay is forgetting because a memory trace fades over time when it is not used. Decay is most often used to explain forgetting from short-term memory.

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