Insomnia is difficulty getting to sleep or staying asleep, even when there is the chance to sleep. Insomnia leaves people tired and less able to function the next day.

What is sleep maintenance insomnia?

Sleep maintenance insomnia is difficulty staying asleep through the night. A person wakes during the night or too early and cannot get back to sleep.

What can cause sleep onset insomnia?

Stress and worry keep the mind active at bedtime. Caffeine, bright screens and an irregular bedtime can also delay the start of sleep.

What can cause sleep maintenance insomnia?

Alcohol, pain, noise and needing the toilet can wake people during the night. Depression and ageing are also linked to waking too early.

What are the main features of insomnia?

Features include lying awake, waking often, waking too early and feeling unrefreshed. Daytime effects include tiredness, irritability and poor concentration.

OCR GCSE Psychology J203

Criminal Psychology

Topic overview Types of crime and how crime is measured Social learning theory of crime and Cooper and Mackie's study Eysenck's criminal personality theory and Heaven's study Punishment, rehabilitation and restorative justice

Development

Topic overview Stages of development, the brain and IQ tests Structure of the brain Piaget's theory of cognitive development Piaget's conservation of number study and education Dweck's mindsets, Willingham and Blackwell's study

Psychological Problems

Topic overview Mental health, prevalence and changing attitudes Stigma, discrimination and the effects of mental health problems Schizophrenia and its explanations Clinical depression and its explanations Treatments and neuropsychology

Social Influence

Topic overview Conformity, crowds and culture Obedience and Bickman's uniform study Personality, the brain and the August riots Minority and majority influence on mental health stigma

Memory

Topic overview Information processing and the multi-store model Amnesia and the Clive Wearing case Reconstructive memory and Braun's Disney study Memory in advertising and the Wechsler Memory Scale

Sleep and Dreaming

Topic overview Sleep stages, functions and body clocks Freud's theory of dreaming and the Wolfman Activation synthesis theory and bizarre dreams Insomnia and its treatment

Research Methods

Topic overview Hypotheses, variables and experimental designs Sampling and ethical guidelines Experiments, interviews and questionnaires Observations, case studies and correlations Descriptive statistics, tables and graphs Reliability, validity and bias The five core areas of psychology

Sleep and Dreaming

Insomnia and its treatment

3 things to know
Component 02

Overview

Sleep onset and sleep maintenance insomnia and their causes, relaxation techniques and sleep hygiene, and the hypothalamus, von Economo's findings and narcolepsy.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

Your recallNot started

Key term

Give three examples of good sleep hygiene.

Key term

What is insomnia?

Key term

What is sleep onset insomnia?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
What is insomnia?
Model answer
Insomnia is difficulty getting to sleep or staying asleep, even when there is the chance to sleep. Insomnia leaves people tired and less able to function the next day.
2
What is sleep onset insomnia?
Model answer
Sleep onset insomnia is difficulty falling asleep at the start of the night. A person may lie awake for a long time before sleep comes.
3
What is sleep maintenance insomnia?
Model answer
Sleep maintenance insomnia is difficulty staying asleep through the night. A person wakes during the night or too early and cannot get back to sleep.
4
What can cause sleep onset insomnia?
Model answer
Stress and worry keep the mind active at bedtime. Caffeine, bright screens and an irregular bedtime can also delay the start of sleep.
5
What can cause sleep maintenance insomnia?
Model answer
Alcohol, pain, noise and needing the toilet can wake people during the night. Depression and ageing are also linked to waking too early.
6
What are the main features of insomnia?
Model answer
Features include lying awake, waking often, waking too early and feeling unrefreshed. Daytime effects include tiredness, irritability and poor concentration.

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AKeep regular bed and waking times, even at weekends.

BKeep the bedroom dark, quiet and cool.

CAvoid caffeine, alcohol and screens before bed.

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