How does morality affect pro-social and anti-social behaviour?

A person with strong moral values is more likely to help others and to refuse to join anti-social acts. Morality can hold someone back even when the crowd around them is behaving badly.

What is the authoritarian personality?

Adorno and colleagues (1950) described the authoritarian personality as rigid, conventional and very respectful of authority. People with this personality tend to look down on those of lower status.

How does the authoritarian personality develop, according to Adorno?

Adorno believed it develops from a strict, harsh upbringing in which love depends on good behaviour. The child's hidden hostility towards the parents is later redirected onto weaker groups.

OCR GCSE Psychology J203

Criminal Psychology

Topic overview Types of crime and how crime is measured Social learning theory of crime and Cooper and Mackie's study Eysenck's criminal personality theory and Heaven's study Punishment, rehabilitation and restorative justice

Development

Topic overview Stages of development, the brain and IQ tests Structure of the brain Piaget's theory of cognitive development Piaget's conservation of number study and education Dweck's mindsets, Willingham and Blackwell's study

Psychological Problems

Topic overview Mental health, prevalence and changing attitudes Stigma, discrimination and the effects of mental health problems Schizophrenia and its explanations Clinical depression and its explanations Treatments and neuropsychology

Social Influence

Topic overview Conformity, crowds and culture Obedience and Bickman's uniform study Personality, the brain and the August riots Minority and majority influence on mental health stigma

Memory

Topic overview Information processing and the multi-store model Amnesia and the Clive Wearing case Reconstructive memory and Braun's Disney study Memory in advertising and the Wechsler Memory Scale

Sleep and Dreaming

Topic overview Sleep stages, functions and body clocks Freud's theory of dreaming and the Wolfman Activation synthesis theory and bizarre dreams Insomnia and its treatment

Research Methods

Topic overview Hypotheses, variables and experimental designs Sampling and ethical guidelines Experiments, interviews and questionnaires Observations, case studies and correlations Descriptive statistics, tables and graphs Reliability, validity and bias The five core areas of psychology

Social Influence

Personality, the brain and the August riots

3 things to know
Component 02

Overview

Self-esteem, locus of control, morality and the authoritarian personality, the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, and the NatCen study of the 2011 riots in Tottenham.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

How does locus of control affect behaviour in a crowd?

Key term

What is a dispositional factor?

Key term

How does self-esteem affect conformity?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

1
What is a dispositional factor?
Model answer
A dispositional factor is a feature of a person's personality that affects how they behave. Dispositional explanations look inside the person rather than at the situation.
2
How does self-esteem affect conformity?
Model answer
People with low self-esteem are more likely to conform, as they doubt their own judgement and want approval. People with high self-esteem trust their own views and conform less.
3
How does locus of control affect behaviour in a crowd?
Model answer
Locus of control is how far people believe they control what happens to them. People with an internal locus are more likely to resist a crowd and act on their own judgement. People with an external locus are more likely to go along with it.
4
How does morality affect pro-social and anti-social behaviour?
Model answer
A person with strong moral values is more likely to help others and to refuse to join anti-social acts. Morality can hold someone back even when the crowd around them is behaving badly.
5
What is the authoritarian personality?
Model answer
Adorno and colleagues (1950) described the authoritarian personality as rigid, conventional and very respectful of authority. People with this personality tend to look down on those of lower status.
6
How does the authoritarian personality develop, according to Adorno?
Model answer
Adorno believed it develops from a strict, harsh upbringing in which love depends on good behaviour. The child's hidden hostility towards the parents is later redirected onto weaker groups.

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