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Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table

Size and mass of atoms

  • 3 things to know
  • Chemistry Paper 1

Overview

The radius of an atom and of its nucleus, where the mass of an atom is concentrated, the relative masses of protons, neutrons and electrons, mass number and isotopes, reading atomic notation, counting protons, neutrons and electrons in atoms and ions, and estimating at atomic scale.

What you need to know

Answer each one before you reveal it.

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Key term

Where is almost all of the mass of an atom found?

Key term

What are isotopes?

Key term

When an atom is written using its symbol, where are the mass number and the atomic number placed?

Questions from this subtopic

Each one with the model answer underneath.

  1. 1

    What is the approximate radius of an atom in nanometres?

    Model answer

    About 0.1 nm.

  2. 2

    What is the approximate radius of an atom in metres?

    Model answer

    About 1 × 10⁻¹⁰ m.

  3. 3

    What is the approximate radius of a nucleus in metres?

    Model answer

    About 1 × 10⁻¹⁴ m.

  4. 4

    How does the radius of a nucleus compare with the radius of the whole atom?

    Model answer

    It is less than one ten-thousandth of the radius of the atom.

  5. 5

    Where is almost all of the mass of an atom found?

    Model answer

    Almost all of it is in the nucleus.

  6. 6

    What is the relative mass of a proton?

    Model answer

    It is 1.

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Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table
Bonding, Structure, and the Properties of Matter
Chemical Analysis
Chemical Changes

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AMolecular size controls boiling point, viscosity and flammability.
BSmall molecules make gases and petrol that ignite easily.
CLarge molecules make thick liquids burned in furnaces and ships.

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Base means any substance that neutralises an acid.
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