Key term
AQA GCSE Combined Science Chemistry 8464
Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table
Topic overviewAtoms, elements and compoundsWord equations, symbols and balanced equationsMixturesFrom the plum pudding model to the nuclear modelBohr, Chadwick and the modern model of the atomRelative electrical charges of subatomic particlesSize and mass of atomsRelative atomic mass and electronic structureThe periodic tableDevelopment of the periodic tableMetals and non-metalsGroup 0Group 1Group 7
Bonding, Structure, and the Properties of Matter
Topic overviewChemical bonds, including metallic bondingIonic bondingIonic compoundsCovalent bonding and how it is representedThe three states of matter and changes of statePredicting state, state symbols, and the limits of the particle modelProperties of ionic compoundsProperties of small moleculesPolymers and giant covalent structuresProperties of metals and alloys, and why metals conductDiamond and graphiteGraphene and fullerenes
Chemical Analysis
Chemical Changes
Topic overviewThe reactivity seriesMetal oxides, extraction, and redox in terms of electronsAcids reacting with metals, neutralisation and saltsSoluble saltsThe pH scale and neutralisationStrong and weak acidsThe process of electrolysis, and molten ionic compoundsUsing electrolysis to extract metalsElectrolysis of aqueous solutionsRepresentation of reactions at electrodes as half equations
Chemistry of the Atmosphere
Topic overviewThe Earth's early atmosphereHow oxygen increased and carbon dioxide decreasedThe gases in today's atmosphere, and which are greenhouse gasesHuman activities which contribute to an increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphereGlobal climate change and carbon footprintsAtmospheric pollutants from fuels, and their effects
Energy Changes
Organic Chemistry
Quantitative Chemistry
The Rate and Extent of Chemical Change
Topic overviewMeasuring the mean rate of a reactionRate from graphs, and the gradient of a tangentFactors which affect the rates of chemical reactionsCollision theory and activation energyCatalystsReversible reactions and dynamic equilibriumThe effect of changing conditions on equilibriumThe effect of changing concentrationThe effect of temperature changes on equilibriumThe effect of pressure changes on equilibrium
Bonding, Structure, and the Properties of Matter
Ionic compounds
- 3 things to know
- Chemistry Paper 1
Overview
The giant lattice of ions, the electrostatic forces holding it together, the arrangement in sodium chloride, the limits of ball and stick, two-dimensional and dot and cross models, and empirical formulae from a model.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
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Key term
What holds an ionic lattice together?
Key term
Describe how the ions are arranged in sodium chloride.
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
What kind of structure does an ionic compound have?
Model answer
A giant structure, or lattice, of ions.
- 2
What holds an ionic lattice together?
Model answer
Strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions.
- 3
In which directions do the forces of attraction act in an ionic lattice?
Model answer
In all directions.
- 4
What name is given to the strong attraction between oppositely charged ions in a lattice?
Model answer
Ionic bonding.
- 5
Describe how the ions are arranged in sodium chloride.
Model answer
Sodium ions and chloride ions alternate in a regular cubic lattice, so each ion is surrounded by ions of the opposite charge.
- 6
How can you tell from a model of a structure that the compound is ionic?
Model answer
It shows a regular giant lattice of alternating positively and negatively charged ions.
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