Evaluation
AQA GCSE Combined Science Chemistry 8464
Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table
Topic overviewAtoms, elements and compoundsWord equations, symbols and balanced equationsMixturesFrom the plum pudding model to the nuclear modelBohr, Chadwick and the modern model of the atomRelative electrical charges of subatomic particlesSize and mass of atomsRelative atomic mass and electronic structureThe periodic tableDevelopment of the periodic tableMetals and non-metalsGroup 0Group 1Group 7
Bonding, Structure, and the Properties of Matter
Topic overviewChemical bonds, including metallic bondingIonic bondingIonic compoundsCovalent bonding and how it is representedThe three states of matter and changes of statePredicting state, state symbols, and the limits of the particle modelProperties of ionic compoundsProperties of small moleculesPolymers and giant covalent structuresProperties of metals and alloys, and why metals conductDiamond and graphiteGraphene and fullerenes
Chemical Analysis
Chemical Changes
Topic overviewThe reactivity seriesMetal oxides, extraction, and redox in terms of electronsAcids reacting with metals, neutralisation and saltsSoluble saltsThe pH scale and neutralisationStrong and weak acidsThe process of electrolysis, and molten ionic compoundsUsing electrolysis to extract metalsElectrolysis of aqueous solutionsRepresentation of reactions at electrodes as half equations
Chemistry of the Atmosphere
Topic overviewThe Earth's early atmosphereHow oxygen increased and carbon dioxide decreasedThe gases in today's atmosphere, and which are greenhouse gasesHuman activities which contribute to an increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphereGlobal climate change and carbon footprintsAtmospheric pollutants from fuels, and their effects
Energy Changes
Organic Chemistry
Quantitative Chemistry
The Rate and Extent of Chemical Change
Topic overviewMeasuring the mean rate of a reactionRate from graphs, and the gradient of a tangentFactors which affect the rates of chemical reactionsCollision theory and activation energyCatalystsReversible reactions and dynamic equilibriumThe effect of changing conditions on equilibriumThe effect of changing concentrationThe effect of temperature changes on equilibriumThe effect of pressure changes on equilibrium
Bonding, Structure, and the Properties of Matter
Properties of small molecules
- 3 things to know
- Chemistry Paper 1
Overview
The states and low melting and boiling points of molecular substances, the weak intermolecular forces overcome on melting and boiling, how molecule size affects them, and why molecular substances do not conduct electricity.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
Key term
What is overcome when a molecular substance boils?
Evaluation
Compare the strength of intermolecular forces with that of covalent bonds.
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
At room temperature, what states are substances made of small molecules usually in?
Model answer
They are usually gases or liquids.
- 2
Are the melting and boiling points of substances made of small molecules high or low?
Model answer
Relatively low.
- 3
Why is chlorine a gas at room temperature?
Model answer
It consists of small molecules with only weak forces between them, so it boils well below room temperature.
- 4
What name is given to the weak forces that act between molecules?
Model answer
Intermolecular forces.
- 5
What is overcome when a molecular substance boils?
Model answer
The weak intermolecular forces between the molecules.
- 6
Are covalent bonds broken when a molecular substance melts?
Model answer
No, only the forces between the molecules are overcome; the covalent bonds inside each molecule stay intact.
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