Key term
AQA GCSE Combined Science Chemistry 8464
Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table
Topic overviewAtoms, elements and compoundsWord equations, symbols and balanced equationsMixturesFrom the plum pudding model to the nuclear modelBohr, Chadwick and the modern model of the atomRelative electrical charges of subatomic particlesSize and mass of atomsRelative atomic mass and electronic structureThe periodic tableDevelopment of the periodic tableMetals and non-metalsGroup 0Group 1Group 7
Bonding, Structure, and the Properties of Matter
Topic overviewChemical bonds, including metallic bondingIonic bondingIonic compoundsCovalent bonding and how it is representedThe three states of matter and changes of statePredicting state, state symbols, and the limits of the particle modelProperties of ionic compoundsProperties of small moleculesPolymers and giant covalent structuresProperties of metals and alloys, and why metals conductDiamond and graphiteGraphene and fullerenes
Chemical Analysis
Chemical Changes
Topic overviewThe reactivity seriesMetal oxides, extraction, and redox in terms of electronsAcids reacting with metals, neutralisation and saltsSoluble saltsThe pH scale and neutralisationStrong and weak acidsThe process of electrolysis, and molten ionic compoundsUsing electrolysis to extract metalsElectrolysis of aqueous solutionsRepresentation of reactions at electrodes as half equations
Chemistry of the Atmosphere
Topic overviewThe Earth's early atmosphereHow oxygen increased and carbon dioxide decreasedThe gases in today's atmosphere, and which are greenhouse gasesHuman activities which contribute to an increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphereGlobal climate change and carbon footprintsAtmospheric pollutants from fuels, and their effects
Energy Changes
Organic Chemistry
Quantitative Chemistry
The Rate and Extent of Chemical Change
Topic overviewMeasuring the mean rate of a reactionRate from graphs, and the gradient of a tangentFactors which affect the rates of chemical reactionsCollision theory and activation energyCatalystsReversible reactions and dynamic equilibriumThe effect of changing conditions on equilibriumThe effect of changing concentrationThe effect of temperature changes on equilibriumThe effect of pressure changes on equilibrium
Using Resources
- 7 subtopics
- 21 things to know
- Chemistry Paper 2
What Using Resources covers
Using Resources is examined in Chemistry Paper 2. It covers using the Earth's resources and sustainable development, producing potable water in the UK, desalination, and analysing water samples, waste water treatment, alternative methods of extracting metals, life cycle assessment and ways of reducing the use of resources.
Where it is assessed
Chemistry Paper 2
Combined Science: Trilogy, Chemistry Paper 2: 1 hour 15 minutes, 70 marks, 16.7% of the qualification.
Check the AQA specification ↗The 7 subtopics
Each one has its own page.
- Using the Earth's resources and sustainable developmentHuman needs met by the Earth's resources, how agriculture supplements natural resources, finite and renewable resources, sustainable development and how chemistry improves agriculture and industry, natural products replaced by synthetic ones, and interpreting data in tables, frequency tables, bar charts and histograms, including orders of magnitude.Open →
- Producing potable water in the UKPotable water and why it is not chemically pure, the low levels of dissolved salts and microbes it needs, why methods vary with local supplies, fresh water from rain, and the UK method of choosing a source, passing water through filter beds and sterilising with chlorine, ozone or ultraviolet light.Open →
- Desalination, and analysing water samplesDesalination of salty water by distillation or reverse osmosis and why it is expensive, comparing the treatment of ground water and salty water, why filtering comes before sterilising, analysing water samples for pH, dissolved solids and purity, purifying a sample by distillation, and collecting representative water samples.Open →
- Waste water treatmentWhere waste water comes from and why it must be treated, what sewage and industrial waste need removed, screening, sedimentation into sludge and effluent, anaerobic and aerobic treatment, and comparing ground, salty and waste water as sources.Open →
- Alternative methods of extracting metalsMetal ores and low-grade ores, why new ways of extracting copper are needed, phytomining and bioleaching and their advantages and disadvantages, leachate, obtaining copper from its solutions by displacement with scrap iron or by electrolysis, and when traditional mining is still preferred.Open →
- Life cycle assessmentWhat a life cycle assessment is and its four stages from raw materials to disposal, what can be quantified and why value judgements make it subjective, selective assessments in advertising, and paper against plastic bags.Open →
- Ways of reducing the use of resourcesReducing, reusing and recycling to cut the use of limited resources and energy, materials made from limited raw materials such as metals, glass, clay ceramics and plastics, the impacts of quarrying and mining, the difference between reuse and recycling, and how glass, metals, steel and aluminium are recycled.Open →
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
Key term
Describe how phytomining and bioleaching obtain metal compounds from low-grade ores.
Key term
Which water source is easiest to make potable and why, what extra does sea water need, and rank ground, sea and waste water.
Key term
Name four basic human needs that are met using the Earth's resources.
Key term
What is desalination?
Key term
What is a life cycle assessment?
Key term
Name four kinds of material that are produced from limited raw materials.
Key term
Which human need is met when crude oil is separated into petrol and diesel?
Key term
What is potable water?
Key term
When does a country need to desalinate water?
Key term
What must be removed from sewage and agricultural waste water?
Key term
What is a metal ore?
Process
Explain why a product's impact is assessed stage by stage rather than as one figure.
Key term
Explain why making a plastic product uses limited resources twice over.
Key term
What is meant by a finite resource?
Key term
State the two things whose levels must be low if water is to be safe for humans to drink.
Process
Name two processes used to desalinate sea water.
Key term
How does the treatment of industrial waste water differ from that of sewage?
Key term
Explain why the Earth's supply of metal ores cannot last for ever.
Process
At which stage of a life cycle assessment is transport and distribution counted?
Key term
What is the difference between reusing and recycling a product?
Take Using Resources further
The same content, four other ways.
Commonly confused
Pairs that lose marks when they are blurred together.
Potable water vs Pure water
Potable water: safe to drink, with low levels of dissolved salts and microbes. Pure water: a single substance with nothing dissolved, boiling at exactly 100 °C.
Phytomining vs Bioleaching
Phytomining: growing plants that absorb metal compounds, then burning them to ash. Bioleaching: using bacteria on low-grade ore to produce a leachate solution.
Reusing vs Recycling
Reusing: using the same product again as it is, such as a refilled bottle. Recycling: breaking a material down and making it into something new.
Questions from this topic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
Name four basic human needs that are met using the Earth's resources.
Model answer
Warmth, shelter, food and transport.
- 2
Which human need is met when crude oil is separated into petrol and diesel?
Model answer
Transport, because these fuels are burned in vehicle engines.
- 3
What does agriculture add to the natural resources that provide food, timber, clothing and fuels?
Model answer
It supplements them, so far larger and more reliable quantities are available than nature alone would supply.
- 4
What is meant by a finite resource?
Model answer
A resource that is being used up faster than it is replaced, so supplies will eventually run out.
- 5
From which three places are finite resources taken before being processed into energy and materials?
Model answer
The Earth, the oceans and the atmosphere.
- 6
What is sustainable development?
Model answer
Development that meets the needs of people today without preventing future generations from meeting their own needs.
What is inside Levo
Six ways to work the same material.
Using Resources revision questions
- What does Using Resources cover in AQA GCSE Combined Science Chemistry?
- 7 subtopics: using the earth's resources and sustainable development, producing potable water in the uk, desalination, and analysing water samples, waste water treatment, alternative methods of extracting metals, life cycle assessment and ways of reducing the use of resources. Each one has its own page with questions and model answers.
- How is Using Resources organised?
- By the AQA 8464 specification, subtopic by subtopic, so it matches the order you are taught it in.
Every question in Using Resources, on a schedule.
Attempt a question from memory, write the correct version, then attempt it again. Levo records the jump between your first attempt and your last, and brings each question back on the day you are due to forget it.
Or £46 a year, about £3.83 a month. Cancel anytime.