Key term
AQA GCSE Physics 8463
Atomic Structure
Topic overviewThe structure of an atomMass number, atomic number and isotopesFrom the plum pudding model to the nuclear modelChadwick, the neutron, and comparing the modelsRadioactive decay and nuclear radiationNuclear equationsHalf-lives and the random nature of radioactive decayRadioactive contaminationBackground radiationUses of nuclear radiation, and how half-life affects hazardNuclear fission and nuclear fusion
Electricity
Topic overviewCircuit symbols, electrical charge and currentCurrent, resistance and potential differenceOhmic conductors, filament lamps, diodes and thermistorsLight-dependent resistors, and investigating resistanceCurrent and potential difference in series and parallelConstructing circuits, and calculating in series circuitsDirect and alternating potential difference, and mains electricityPower and efficiencyAppliances, and the energy transferred by electrical workPower, and the power ratings of domestic appliancesThe National GridStatic chargeElectric fields
Energy
Forces
Topic overviewScalars, vectors, forces and the resultant forceGravityWork done and energy transferStretching, compressing, and the spring constantLinear and non-linear extension, and work done on a springMoments, levers and gearsPressure at a surface, and the equation p = F over APressure in a column of liquid, upthrust and floatingAtmospheric pressureResolving forces and free body diagramsDistance, displacement and speedThe speed of sound, and the distance-speed-time equationVelocity and the distance-time relationshipAcceleration, deceleration and velocity-time graphsArea under a velocity-time graph, and the uniform acceleration equationNewton's First LawNewton's Second and Third LawsStopping distance and reaction timeFactors affecting braking distanceBraking force, deceleration and the dangers of stopping quicklyMomentum and its conservationChanges in momentum
Magnetism and Electromagnetism
Topic overviewPoles of a magnetMagnetic fields around a magnetThe compass, and plotting a magnetic fieldElectromagnetismFleming's left-hand rule, motors and loudspeakersInduced potentialThe generator effect, alternators, dynamos and microphonesThe structure of a transformer and the turns ratioTransformer power, and using the transformer equations
Particle Model of Matter
Space Physics
Waves
Topic overviewTransverse and longitudinal waves, and the wave equationWave properties, and refraction at a boundaryReflection of wavesSound wavesUltrasound, echo sounding and seismic wavesTypes and uses of electromagnetic wavesRadio waves, and the hazards of ultraviolet, X-rays and gamma raysLensesVisible lightEmission and absorption of infrared radiation, and black bodies
Atomic Structure
Mass number, atomic number and isotopes
- 3 things to know
- Paper 1
Overview
Why an atom has equal numbers of electrons and protons and no overall charge, atomic number and mass number, working out the number of neutrons, reading the two numbers written before a chemical symbol, isotopes and how they differ, and how an atom becomes a positive ion by losing an outer electron.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
Key term
How is the number of neutrons in an atom worked out?
Key term
When a nucleus is written with two numbers before its chemical symbol, which one is written above the other?
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
How does the number of electrons in an atom compare with the number of protons in its nucleus?
Model answer
The two numbers are equal.
- 2
Explain why an atom has no overall electrical charge.
Model answer
It contains equal numbers of protons and electrons, so the positive and negative charges cancel out.
- 3
What is meant by the atomic number of an element?
Model answer
It is the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom of that element.
- 4
What do all atoms of a particular element have in common?
Model answer
They all contain the same number of protons.
- 5
What is meant by the mass number of an atom?
Model answer
It is the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.
- 6
How is the number of neutrons in an atom worked out?
Model answer
Subtract the atomic number from the mass number.
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