Key term
AQA GCSE Physics 8463
Atomic Structure
Topic overviewThe structure of an atomMass number, atomic number and isotopesFrom the plum pudding model to the nuclear modelChadwick, the neutron, and comparing the modelsRadioactive decay and nuclear radiationNuclear equationsHalf-lives and the random nature of radioactive decayRadioactive contaminationBackground radiationUses of nuclear radiation, and how half-life affects hazardNuclear fission and nuclear fusion
Electricity
Topic overviewCircuit symbols, electrical charge and currentCurrent, resistance and potential differenceOhmic conductors, filament lamps, diodes and thermistorsLight-dependent resistors, and investigating resistanceCurrent and potential difference in series and parallelConstructing circuits, and calculating in series circuitsDirect and alternating potential difference, and mains electricityPower and efficiencyAppliances, and the energy transferred by electrical workPower, and the power ratings of domestic appliancesThe National GridStatic chargeElectric fields
Energy
Forces
Topic overviewScalars, vectors, forces and the resultant forceGravityWork done and energy transferStretching, compressing, and the spring constantLinear and non-linear extension, and work done on a springMoments, levers and gearsPressure at a surface, and the equation p = F over APressure in a column of liquid, upthrust and floatingAtmospheric pressureResolving forces and free body diagramsDistance, displacement and speedThe speed of sound, and the distance-speed-time equationVelocity and the distance-time relationshipAcceleration, deceleration and velocity-time graphsArea under a velocity-time graph, and the uniform acceleration equationNewton's First LawNewton's Second and Third LawsStopping distance and reaction timeFactors affecting braking distanceBraking force, deceleration and the dangers of stopping quicklyMomentum and its conservationChanges in momentum
Magnetism and Electromagnetism
Topic overviewPoles of a magnetMagnetic fields around a magnetThe compass, and plotting a magnetic fieldElectromagnetismFleming's left-hand rule, motors and loudspeakersInduced potentialThe generator effect, alternators, dynamos and microphonesThe structure of a transformer and the turns ratioTransformer power, and using the transformer equations
Particle Model of Matter
Space Physics
Waves
Topic overviewTransverse and longitudinal waves, and the wave equationWave properties, and refraction at a boundaryReflection of wavesSound wavesUltrasound, echo sounding and seismic wavesTypes and uses of electromagnetic wavesRadio waves, and the hazards of ultraviolet, X-rays and gamma raysLensesVisible lightEmission and absorption of infrared radiation, and black bodies
Electricity
Appliances, and the energy transferred by electrical work
- 3 things to know
- Paper 1
Overview
What everyday appliances are designed to do, the energy transfers in kettles, drills and toasters, how power and time decide the energy an appliance transfers, the work done when charge flows and why resistors warm up, and calculating energy transferred from power and time or from charge flow and potential difference.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
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Key term
What two things decide how much energy an appliance transfers?
Key term
Two appliances are switched on for the same length of time. Which one transfers more energy?
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
What are everyday electrical appliances designed to do?
Model answer
To bring about useful energy transfers.
- 2
Describe the energy transfer that takes place in an electric kettle.
Model answer
Energy is transferred electrically from the mains supply to the thermal energy store of the water.
- 3
What two things decide how much energy an appliance transfers?
Model answer
The power of the appliance and how long it is switched on for.
- 4
Two appliances are switched on for the same length of time. Which one transfers more energy?
Model answer
The one with the greater power.
- 5
A 2 kW heater runs for 1 hour and a 500 W heater runs for 4 hours. Compare the energy each transfers.
Model answer
They transfer the same amount, because 2 × 1 and 0.5 × 4 both give 2 kWh.
- 6
Describe the energy transfer in a battery-powered electric drill.
Model answer
Energy is transferred electrically from the chemical store of the battery to the kinetic energy store of the turning drill bit.
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