Key term
AQA GCSE Physics 8463
Atomic Structure
Topic overviewThe structure of an atomMass number, atomic number and isotopesFrom the plum pudding model to the nuclear modelChadwick, the neutron, and comparing the modelsRadioactive decay and nuclear radiationNuclear equationsHalf-lives and the random nature of radioactive decayRadioactive contaminationBackground radiationUses of nuclear radiation, and how half-life affects hazardNuclear fission and nuclear fusion
Electricity
Topic overviewCircuit symbols, electrical charge and currentCurrent, resistance and potential differenceOhmic conductors, filament lamps, diodes and thermistorsLight-dependent resistors, and investigating resistanceCurrent and potential difference in series and parallelConstructing circuits, and calculating in series circuitsDirect and alternating potential difference, and mains electricityPower and efficiencyAppliances, and the energy transferred by electrical workPower, and the power ratings of domestic appliancesThe National GridStatic chargeElectric fields
Energy
Forces
Topic overviewScalars, vectors, forces and the resultant forceGravityWork done and energy transferStretching, compressing, and the spring constantLinear and non-linear extension, and work done on a springMoments, levers and gearsPressure at a surface, and the equation p = F over APressure in a column of liquid, upthrust and floatingAtmospheric pressureResolving forces and free body diagramsDistance, displacement and speedThe speed of sound, and the distance-speed-time equationVelocity and the distance-time relationshipAcceleration, deceleration and velocity-time graphsArea under a velocity-time graph, and the uniform acceleration equationNewton's First LawNewton's Second and Third LawsStopping distance and reaction timeFactors affecting braking distanceBraking force, deceleration and the dangers of stopping quicklyMomentum and its conservationChanges in momentum
Magnetism and Electromagnetism
Topic overviewPoles of a magnetMagnetic fields around a magnetThe compass, and plotting a magnetic fieldElectromagnetismFleming's left-hand rule, motors and loudspeakersInduced potentialThe generator effect, alternators, dynamos and microphonesThe structure of a transformer and the turns ratioTransformer power, and using the transformer equations
Particle Model of Matter
Space Physics
Waves
Topic overviewTransverse and longitudinal waves, and the wave equationWave properties, and refraction at a boundaryReflection of wavesSound wavesUltrasound, echo sounding and seismic wavesTypes and uses of electromagnetic wavesRadio waves, and the hazards of ultraviolet, X-rays and gamma raysLensesVisible lightEmission and absorption of infrared radiation, and black bodies
Electricity
Static charge
- 3 things to know
- Paper 1
Overview
Charging insulators by rubbing as electrons move, positive and negative charge, why a hand-held metal rod keeps no charge, attraction and repulsion between charges as non-contact forces, static electricity and sparks, showing that charged rods repel, and why touching a door handle after crossing a carpet gives a shock.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
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Key term
Which particles move when two insulating materials are rubbed together?
Key term
What type of charge is left on a material that has gained electrons?
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
What happens when two insulating materials are rubbed against each other?
Model answer
They become electrically charged.
- 2
Which particles move when two insulating materials are rubbed together?
Model answer
Electrons, which are negatively charged.
- 3
What type of charge is left on a material that has gained electrons?
Model answer
A negative charge.
- 4
Explain why a material that has lost electrons is left positively charged.
Model answer
Because it now has more positive charge than negative charge, by an amount equal to the charge of the electrons it lost.
- 5
A polythene rod rubbed with a cloth becomes negatively charged. What has happened to the cloth?
Model answer
It has lost electrons to the rod and is left with an equal positive charge.
- 6
Why does a metal rod held in the hand not keep a static charge when it is rubbed?
Model answer
Because the charge flows away through the metal and the person to earth instead of staying on the surface.
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