Key term
AQA GCSE Physics 8463
Atomic Structure
Topic overviewThe structure of an atomMass number, atomic number and isotopesFrom the plum pudding model to the nuclear modelChadwick, the neutron, and comparing the modelsRadioactive decay and nuclear radiationNuclear equationsHalf-lives and the random nature of radioactive decayRadioactive contaminationBackground radiationUses of nuclear radiation, and how half-life affects hazardNuclear fission and nuclear fusion
Electricity
Topic overviewCircuit symbols, electrical charge and currentCurrent, resistance and potential differenceOhmic conductors, filament lamps, diodes and thermistorsLight-dependent resistors, and investigating resistanceCurrent and potential difference in series and parallelConstructing circuits, and calculating in series circuitsDirect and alternating potential difference, and mains electricityPower and efficiencyAppliances, and the energy transferred by electrical workPower, and the power ratings of domestic appliancesThe National GridStatic chargeElectric fields
Energy
Forces
Topic overviewScalars, vectors, forces and the resultant forceGravityWork done and energy transferStretching, compressing, and the spring constantLinear and non-linear extension, and work done on a springMoments, levers and gearsPressure at a surface, and the equation p = F over APressure in a column of liquid, upthrust and floatingAtmospheric pressureResolving forces and free body diagramsDistance, displacement and speedThe speed of sound, and the distance-speed-time equationVelocity and the distance-time relationshipAcceleration, deceleration and velocity-time graphsArea under a velocity-time graph, and the uniform acceleration equationNewton's First LawNewton's Second and Third LawsStopping distance and reaction timeFactors affecting braking distanceBraking force, deceleration and the dangers of stopping quicklyMomentum and its conservationChanges in momentum
Magnetism and Electromagnetism
Topic overviewPoles of a magnetMagnetic fields around a magnetThe compass, and plotting a magnetic fieldElectromagnetismFleming's left-hand rule, motors and loudspeakersInduced potentialThe generator effect, alternators, dynamos and microphonesThe structure of a transformer and the turns ratioTransformer power, and using the transformer equations
Particle Model of Matter
Space Physics
Waves
Topic overviewTransverse and longitudinal waves, and the wave equationWave properties, and refraction at a boundaryReflection of wavesSound wavesUltrasound, echo sounding and seismic wavesTypes and uses of electromagnetic wavesRadio waves, and the hazards of ultraviolet, X-rays and gamma raysLensesVisible lightEmission and absorption of infrared radiation, and black bodies
Waves
Reflection of waves
- 3 things to know
- Paper 2
Overview
Reflection, absorption and transmission at a boundary between materials, why glass is see-through and wood is not, the law of reflection with angle calculations, sound absorbed by a curtain and light by a matt black surface, radio signals blocked by a metal lift, and the practicals investigating reflection and refraction with a ray box and protractor.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
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Key term
Why can you see through a glass window but not through a wooden door?
Key term
State the law of reflection.
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
What can happen to a wave that reaches the boundary between two materials but does not pass into the second one?
Model answer
It can be reflected back into the first material.
- 2
Give an example of a wave being reflected at the boundary between two materials.
Model answer
Light striking a mirror and being reflected back into the air.
- 3
Apart from being reflected, what two things can happen to a wave arriving at a boundary?
Model answer
It can be absorbed by the material or transmitted through it.
- 4
What happens to the energy of a wave that is absorbed at a boundary?
Model answer
It is transferred to the energy stores of the absorbing material, usually raising its temperature.
- 5
Why can you see through a glass window but not through a wooden door?
Model answer
Glass transmits visible light, while wood absorbs and reflects it.
- 6
State the law of reflection.
Model answer
The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.
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