Key term
AQA GCSE Physics 8463
Atomic Structure
Topic overviewThe structure of an atomMass number, atomic number and isotopesFrom the plum pudding model to the nuclear modelChadwick, the neutron, and comparing the modelsRadioactive decay and nuclear radiationNuclear equationsHalf-lives and the random nature of radioactive decayRadioactive contaminationBackground radiationUses of nuclear radiation, and how half-life affects hazardNuclear fission and nuclear fusion
Electricity
Topic overviewCircuit symbols, electrical charge and currentCurrent, resistance and potential differenceOhmic conductors, filament lamps, diodes and thermistorsLight-dependent resistors, and investigating resistanceCurrent and potential difference in series and parallelConstructing circuits, and calculating in series circuitsDirect and alternating potential difference, and mains electricityPower and efficiencyAppliances, and the energy transferred by electrical workPower, and the power ratings of domestic appliancesThe National GridStatic chargeElectric fields
Energy
Forces
Topic overviewScalars, vectors, forces and the resultant forceGravityWork done and energy transferStretching, compressing, and the spring constantLinear and non-linear extension, and work done on a springMoments, levers and gearsPressure at a surface, and the equation p = F over APressure in a column of liquid, upthrust and floatingAtmospheric pressureResolving forces and free body diagramsDistance, displacement and speedThe speed of sound, and the distance-speed-time equationVelocity and the distance-time relationshipAcceleration, deceleration and velocity-time graphsArea under a velocity-time graph, and the uniform acceleration equationNewton's First LawNewton's Second and Third LawsStopping distance and reaction timeFactors affecting braking distanceBraking force, deceleration and the dangers of stopping quicklyMomentum and its conservationChanges in momentum
Magnetism and Electromagnetism
Topic overviewPoles of a magnetMagnetic fields around a magnetThe compass, and plotting a magnetic fieldElectromagnetismFleming's left-hand rule, motors and loudspeakersInduced potentialThe generator effect, alternators, dynamos and microphonesThe structure of a transformer and the turns ratioTransformer power, and using the transformer equations
Particle Model of Matter
Space Physics
Waves
Topic overviewTransverse and longitudinal waves, and the wave equationWave properties, and refraction at a boundaryReflection of wavesSound wavesUltrasound, echo sounding and seismic wavesTypes and uses of electromagnetic wavesRadio waves, and the hazards of ultraviolet, X-rays and gamma raysLensesVisible lightEmission and absorption of infrared radiation, and black bodies
Atomic Structure
Radioactive decay and nuclear radiation
- 3 things to know
- Paper 1
Overview
How unstable nuclei decay, activity and its unit, count-rate and the detectors that measure it, the four kinds of nuclear radiation, what alpha particles, beta particles and gamma rays are, how strongly each ionises, what absorbs each and their ranges in air, and why smoke detectors use an alpha emitter.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
Key term
Name the four kinds of nuclear radiation that may be emitted from a nucleus.
Key term
What is an alpha particle made of?
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
What does an unstable nucleus do in order to become more stable?
Model answer
It gives out radiation.
- 2
What is meant by radioactive decay?
Model answer
It is the random process in which an unstable nucleus gives out radiation as it changes to become more stable.
- 3
What is meant by the activity of a radioactive source?
Model answer
It is the rate at which the unstable nuclei in the source decay.
- 4
In which unit is the activity of a source measured?
Model answer
In becquerel (Bq).
- 5
What is meant by count-rate?
Model answer
It is the number of decays recorded each second by a detector.
- 6
Name a detector used to measure the count-rate from a radioactive source.
Model answer
A Geiger-Muller tube.
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