Key term
AQA GCSE Physics 8463
Atomic Structure
Topic overviewThe structure of an atomMass number, atomic number and isotopesFrom the plum pudding model to the nuclear modelChadwick, the neutron, and comparing the modelsRadioactive decay and nuclear radiationNuclear equationsHalf-lives and the random nature of radioactive decayRadioactive contaminationBackground radiationUses of nuclear radiation, and how half-life affects hazardNuclear fission and nuclear fusion
Electricity
Topic overviewCircuit symbols, electrical charge and currentCurrent, resistance and potential differenceOhmic conductors, filament lamps, diodes and thermistorsLight-dependent resistors, and investigating resistanceCurrent and potential difference in series and parallelConstructing circuits, and calculating in series circuitsDirect and alternating potential difference, and mains electricityPower and efficiencyAppliances, and the energy transferred by electrical workPower, and the power ratings of domestic appliancesThe National GridStatic chargeElectric fields
Energy
Forces
Topic overviewScalars, vectors, forces and the resultant forceGravityWork done and energy transferStretching, compressing, and the spring constantLinear and non-linear extension, and work done on a springMoments, levers and gearsPressure at a surface, and the equation p = F over APressure in a column of liquid, upthrust and floatingAtmospheric pressureResolving forces and free body diagramsDistance, displacement and speedThe speed of sound, and the distance-speed-time equationVelocity and the distance-time relationshipAcceleration, deceleration and velocity-time graphsArea under a velocity-time graph, and the uniform acceleration equationNewton's First LawNewton's Second and Third LawsStopping distance and reaction timeFactors affecting braking distanceBraking force, deceleration and the dangers of stopping quicklyMomentum and its conservationChanges in momentum
Magnetism and Electromagnetism
Topic overviewPoles of a magnetMagnetic fields around a magnetThe compass, and plotting a magnetic fieldElectromagnetismFleming's left-hand rule, motors and loudspeakersInduced potentialThe generator effect, alternators, dynamos and microphonesThe structure of a transformer and the turns ratioTransformer power, and using the transformer equations
Particle Model of Matter
Space Physics
Waves
Topic overviewTransverse and longitudinal waves, and the wave equationWave properties, and refraction at a boundaryReflection of wavesSound wavesUltrasound, echo sounding and seismic wavesTypes and uses of electromagnetic wavesRadio waves, and the hazards of ultraviolet, X-rays and gamma raysLensesVisible lightEmission and absorption of infrared radiation, and black bodies
Particle Model of Matter
Changes of state and internal energy
- 3 things to know
- Paper 1
Overview
Melting, freezing, boiling, evaporation, condensation and sublimation, conservation of mass in a change of state, why changes of state are physical and reversible, internal energy as the total kinetic and potential energy of the particles and why it is not temperature, and the two possible outcomes when a system is heated.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
Key term
Which particles store the internal energy of a system?
Key term
A gas is heated and its particles move faster. Which part of its internal energy has increased?
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
Name the change of state in which a solid turns into a liquid.
Model answer
Melting.
- 2
Name the change of state in which a liquid turns into a solid.
Model answer
Freezing.
- 3
Name the change of state in which a liquid turns into a gas throughout its volume at a fixed temperature.
Model answer
Boiling.
- 4
Name the process in which a liquid turns into a gas at its surface, below its boiling point.
Model answer
Evaporation.
- 5
Name the change of state in which a gas turns into a liquid.
Model answer
Condensing.
- 6
Name the change of state in which a solid turns directly into a gas without first becoming a liquid.
Model answer
Sublimation.
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