Key term
AQA GCSE Physics 8463
Atomic Structure
Topic overviewThe structure of an atomMass number, atomic number and isotopesFrom the plum pudding model to the nuclear modelChadwick, the neutron, and comparing the modelsRadioactive decay and nuclear radiationNuclear equationsHalf-lives and the random nature of radioactive decayRadioactive contaminationBackground radiationUses of nuclear radiation, and how half-life affects hazardNuclear fission and nuclear fusion
Electricity
Topic overviewCircuit symbols, electrical charge and currentCurrent, resistance and potential differenceOhmic conductors, filament lamps, diodes and thermistorsLight-dependent resistors, and investigating resistanceCurrent and potential difference in series and parallelConstructing circuits, and calculating in series circuitsDirect and alternating potential difference, and mains electricityPower and efficiencyAppliances, and the energy transferred by electrical workPower, and the power ratings of domestic appliancesThe National GridStatic chargeElectric fields
Energy
Forces
Topic overviewScalars, vectors, forces and the resultant forceGravityWork done and energy transferStretching, compressing, and the spring constantLinear and non-linear extension, and work done on a springMoments, levers and gearsPressure at a surface, and the equation p = F over APressure in a column of liquid, upthrust and floatingAtmospheric pressureResolving forces and free body diagramsDistance, displacement and speedThe speed of sound, and the distance-speed-time equationVelocity and the distance-time relationshipAcceleration, deceleration and velocity-time graphsArea under a velocity-time graph, and the uniform acceleration equationNewton's First LawNewton's Second and Third LawsStopping distance and reaction timeFactors affecting braking distanceBraking force, deceleration and the dangers of stopping quicklyMomentum and its conservationChanges in momentum
Magnetism and Electromagnetism
Topic overviewPoles of a magnetMagnetic fields around a magnetThe compass, and plotting a magnetic fieldElectromagnetismFleming's left-hand rule, motors and loudspeakersInduced potentialThe generator effect, alternators, dynamos and microphonesThe structure of a transformer and the turns ratioTransformer power, and using the transformer equations
Particle Model of Matter
Space Physics
Waves
Topic overviewTransverse and longitudinal waves, and the wave equationWave properties, and refraction at a boundaryReflection of wavesSound wavesUltrasound, echo sounding and seismic wavesTypes and uses of electromagnetic wavesRadio waves, and the hazards of ultraviolet, X-rays and gamma raysLensesVisible lightEmission and absorption of infrared radiation, and black bodies
Space Physics
Red-shift
- 3 things to know
- Paper 2
Overview
What red-shift is, how a galaxy's speed relates to its distance, why this is evidence for an expanding universe and the Big Bang, what supernova observations since 1998 suggest, and dark mass and dark energy.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
Key term
Towards which end of the visible spectrum is the light from a distant galaxy shifted?
Key term
How is the speed at which a galaxy is moving related to its distance from us?
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
What is red-shift?
Model answer
It is the observed increase in the wavelength of light from most distant galaxies.
- 2
Towards which end of the visible spectrum is the light from a distant galaxy shifted?
Model answer
Towards the red end.
- 3
How is the speed at which a galaxy is moving related to its distance from us?
Model answer
The further away a galaxy is, the faster it is moving.
- 4
Two galaxies are moving away from us and one is twice as far off as the other. Which shows the bigger increase in wavelength, and why?
Model answer
The more distant galaxy, because it is moving away faster.
- 5
What does the observed red-shift of distant galaxies provide evidence for?
Model answer
That space itself is expanding.
- 6
Which idea about the origin of the universe is supported by red-shift observations?
Model answer
The Big Bang theory.
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