Key term
AQA GCSE Physics 8463
Atomic Structure
Topic overviewThe structure of an atomMass number, atomic number and isotopesFrom the plum pudding model to the nuclear modelChadwick, the neutron, and comparing the modelsRadioactive decay and nuclear radiationNuclear equationsHalf-lives and the random nature of radioactive decayRadioactive contaminationBackground radiationUses of nuclear radiation, and how half-life affects hazardNuclear fission and nuclear fusion
Electricity
Topic overviewCircuit symbols, electrical charge and currentCurrent, resistance and potential differenceOhmic conductors, filament lamps, diodes and thermistorsLight-dependent resistors, and investigating resistanceCurrent and potential difference in series and parallelConstructing circuits, and calculating in series circuitsDirect and alternating potential difference, and mains electricityPower and efficiencyAppliances, and the energy transferred by electrical workPower, and the power ratings of domestic appliancesThe National GridStatic chargeElectric fields
Energy
Forces
Topic overviewScalars, vectors, forces and the resultant forceGravityWork done and energy transferStretching, compressing, and the spring constantLinear and non-linear extension, and work done on a springMoments, levers and gearsPressure at a surface, and the equation p = F over APressure in a column of liquid, upthrust and floatingAtmospheric pressureResolving forces and free body diagramsDistance, displacement and speedThe speed of sound, and the distance-speed-time equationVelocity and the distance-time relationshipAcceleration, deceleration and velocity-time graphsArea under a velocity-time graph, and the uniform acceleration equationNewton's First LawNewton's Second and Third LawsStopping distance and reaction timeFactors affecting braking distanceBraking force, deceleration and the dangers of stopping quicklyMomentum and its conservationChanges in momentum
Magnetism and Electromagnetism
Topic overviewPoles of a magnetMagnetic fields around a magnetThe compass, and plotting a magnetic fieldElectromagnetismFleming's left-hand rule, motors and loudspeakersInduced potentialThe generator effect, alternators, dynamos and microphonesThe structure of a transformer and the turns ratioTransformer power, and using the transformer equations
Particle Model of Matter
Space Physics
Waves
Topic overviewTransverse and longitudinal waves, and the wave equationWave properties, and refraction at a boundaryReflection of wavesSound wavesUltrasound, echo sounding and seismic wavesTypes and uses of electromagnetic wavesRadio waves, and the hazards of ultraviolet, X-rays and gamma raysLensesVisible lightEmission and absorption of infrared radiation, and black bodies
Waves
Sound waves
- 3 things to know
- Paper 2
Overview
How sound passes through a solid such as a door or a rail, how the ear drum turns vibrations into the sensation of sound, and why hearing runs from 20 Hz to 20 kHz.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
Your recallNot started
Key term
What happens inside a solid when a sound wave passes through it?
Key term
Explain how sound from a room reaches a person on the other side of a closed wooden door.
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
What happens inside a solid when a sound wave passes through it?
Model answer
The particles of the solid are made to vibrate, passing the wave on through the material.
- 2
Explain how sound from a room reaches a person on the other side of a closed wooden door.
Model answer
The sound wave makes the door vibrate, and the vibrating door sets the air on the far side vibrating as a sound wave again.
- 3
A person puts an ear to a metal rail and hears a train that is still far away. What is travelling along the rail?
Model answer
A sound wave, carried as vibrations of the particles of the metal.
- 4
Which part of the ear is made to vibrate first when a sound wave arrives?
Model answer
The ear drum.
- 5
Describe how vibrations at the ear drum lead to the sensation of sound.
Model answer
The ear drum passes its vibrations to other parts of the ear, and these vibrations are what produce the sensation of sound.
- 6
Why is human hearing restricted to a limited range of frequencies?
Model answer
Converting sound waves into vibrations of the solid parts of the ear only works over a limited range of frequencies.
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