Key term
AQA GCSE Physics 8463
Atomic Structure
Topic overviewThe structure of an atomMass number, atomic number and isotopesFrom the plum pudding model to the nuclear modelChadwick, the neutron, and comparing the modelsRadioactive decay and nuclear radiationNuclear equationsHalf-lives and the random nature of radioactive decayRadioactive contaminationBackground radiationUses of nuclear radiation, and how half-life affects hazardNuclear fission and nuclear fusion
Electricity
Topic overviewCircuit symbols, electrical charge and currentCurrent, resistance and potential differenceOhmic conductors, filament lamps, diodes and thermistorsLight-dependent resistors, and investigating resistanceCurrent and potential difference in series and parallelConstructing circuits, and calculating in series circuitsDirect and alternating potential difference, and mains electricityPower and efficiencyAppliances, and the energy transferred by electrical workPower, and the power ratings of domestic appliancesThe National GridStatic chargeElectric fields
Energy
Forces
Topic overviewScalars, vectors, forces and the resultant forceGravityWork done and energy transferStretching, compressing, and the spring constantLinear and non-linear extension, and work done on a springMoments, levers and gearsPressure at a surface, and the equation p = F over APressure in a column of liquid, upthrust and floatingAtmospheric pressureResolving forces and free body diagramsDistance, displacement and speedThe speed of sound, and the distance-speed-time equationVelocity and the distance-time relationshipAcceleration, deceleration and velocity-time graphsArea under a velocity-time graph, and the uniform acceleration equationNewton's First LawNewton's Second and Third LawsStopping distance and reaction timeFactors affecting braking distanceBraking force, deceleration and the dangers of stopping quicklyMomentum and its conservationChanges in momentum
Magnetism and Electromagnetism
Topic overviewPoles of a magnetMagnetic fields around a magnetThe compass, and plotting a magnetic fieldElectromagnetismFleming's left-hand rule, motors and loudspeakersInduced potentialThe generator effect, alternators, dynamos and microphonesThe structure of a transformer and the turns ratioTransformer power, and using the transformer equations
Particle Model of Matter
Space Physics
Waves
Topic overviewTransverse and longitudinal waves, and the wave equationWave properties, and refraction at a boundaryReflection of wavesSound wavesUltrasound, echo sounding and seismic wavesTypes and uses of electromagnetic wavesRadio waves, and the hazards of ultraviolet, X-rays and gamma raysLensesVisible lightEmission and absorption of infrared radiation, and black bodies
Forces
Gravity
- 2 things to know
- Paper 2
Overview
Weight and why objects near the Earth have it, how weight depends on mass and gravitational field strength, the equation W = mg in words and symbols with calculations, the units of weight, mass and gravitational field strength, centre of mass, weight in direct proportion to mass, and measuring weight with a newtonmeter.
What you need to know
Answer each one before you reveal it.
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Key term
An astronaut takes a toolbox to the Moon. Explain why its weight changes.
Questions from this subtopic
Each one with the model answer underneath.
- 1
What is the weight of an object?
Model answer
Weight is the force acting on an object due to gravity.
- 2
Why does an object near the Earth have weight?
Model answer
Because it sits in the gravitational field around the Earth, which pulls on it.
- 3
What two quantities does the weight of an object depend on?
Model answer
Its mass and the gravitational field strength at the point where it is.
- 4
An astronaut takes a toolbox to the Moon. Explain why its weight changes.
Model answer
The gravitational field strength on the Moon is smaller than on Earth, so the same mass has a smaller weight.
- 5
State the equation used to calculate the weight of an object, in words.
Model answer
Weight = mass × gravitational field strength.
- 6
Calculate the weight of a 6.0 kg bag where the gravitational field strength is 9.8 N/kg.
Model answer
Weight = 6.0 × 9.8 = 58.8 N.
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